<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE trials [
<!ELEMENT trials (trial+)>

<!ELEMENT trial (main,contacts,countries,criteria,health_condition_code,health_condition_keyword,intervention_code,
          intervention_keyword,primary_outcome,secondary_outcome,secondary_sponsor,secondary_ids,source_support,ethics_reviews)>

<!ELEMENT main (trial_id,utrn?,reg_name,date_registration,primary_sponsor,public_title,acronym?,scientific_title,scientific_acronym?,
          date_enrolment,type_enrolment,target_size,recruitment_status,url?,study_type,study_design,phase,hc_freetext?,i_freetext?,results_actual_enrolment,results_date_completed,results_url_link,results_summary,           results_date_posted,results_date_first_publication,results_baseline_char,results_participant_flow,results_adverse_events,results_outcome_measures,results_url_protocol,results_IPD_plan, results_IPD_description)>
<!ELEMENT trial_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT utrn (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT reg_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_registration (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT primary_sponsor (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT public_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_enrolment (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT type_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT target_size (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT recruitment_status (#PCDATA)><!-- Pending,Recruiting,Suspended,Complete,Other -->
<!ELEMENT url (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT study_type (#PCDATA)><!-- interventional,observational -->
<!ELEMENT study_design (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT phase (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT hc_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT i_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_actual_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_completed (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_url_link (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_summary (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_posted (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_date_first_publication (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_baseline_char (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_participant_flow (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_adverse_events (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_outcome_measures (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_url_protocol (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_plan (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_description (#PCDATA)>


<!ELEMENT contacts (contact+)>
<!ELEMENT contact (type,firstname,middlename,lastname,address,city,country1,zip,telephone,email,affiliation)>
<!ELEMENT type (#PCDATA)><!-- Public,Scientific -->
<!ELEMENT firstname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT middlename (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT lastname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT city (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT country1 (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT zip (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT telephone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT email (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT affiliation (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT countries (country2+)>
<!ELEMENT country2 (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT criteria (inclusion_criteria,agemin,agemax,gender,exclusion_criteria)>
<!ELEMENT inclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemin (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemax (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT gender (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT exclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_code (hc_code+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_keyword (hc_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_code (i_code+)>
<!ELEMENT i_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_keyword (i_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT i_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT primary_outcome (prim_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT prim_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_outcome (sec_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT sec_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_sponsor (sponsor_name+)>
<!ELEMENT sponsor_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_ids (secondary_id+)>
<!ELEMENT secondary_id (sec_id,issuing_authority)>
<!ELEMENT sec_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT issuing_authority (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT source_support (source_name+)>
<!ELEMENT source_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT ethics_reviews (ethics_review+)>
<!ELEMENT ethics_review (status,approval_date,contact_name,contact_address,contact_phone,contact_email)>
<!ELEMENT status (#PCDATA)><!-- Not approved,Approved,NA -->
<!ELEMENT approval_date (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT contact_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_phone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_email (#PCDATA)>
]>
<trials>
  <trial>
    <main>
      <trial_id>IRCT20180925041138N3</trial_id>
      <utrn></utrn>
      <reg_name>IRCT</reg_name>
      <date_registration>2026-10-26</date_registration>
      <primary_sponsor>Tabriz University of Medical Sciences</primary_sponsor>
      <public_title>Dry Needling and Neurodynamic Techniques in Nonspecific Low Back Pain</public_title>
      <acronym></acronym>
      <scientific_title>Comparison of the effects of dry needling of the Medius and Hamstring muscles with the sciatic nerve neurodynamic technique on pain and nervous system mobility in people with chronic non-specific low back pain: A randomized (controlled) clinical trial</scientific_title>
      <scientific_acronym></scientific_acronym>
      <date_enrolment>2026-11-22</date_enrolment>
      <type_enrolment>anticipated</type_enrolment>
      <target_size>30</target_size>
      <recruitment_status>Pending</recruitment_status>
      <url>https://irct.ir/trial/94131</url>
      <study_type>interventional</study_type>
      <study_design>Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Single blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Factorial, Purpose: Treatment, Randomization description: In this study, 30 eligible patients will be randomly allocated to three groups of 10 participants each: a neurodynamic technique group, a dry needling group, and a combined neurodynamic technique and dry needling group, using block randomization with an allocation ratio of 1:1:1. The individual participant will be the unit of randomization. The random allocation sequence will be generated using statistical software with variable block sizes to maintain balance in the number of participants across the three groups. The generated random allocation sequence will serve as the basis for assigning each participant to an intervention group. To ensure allocation concealment, the allocation sequence will be placed in sequentially numbered, opaque, sealed envelopes. The envelopes will be opened in numerical order only after each participant's eligibility has been confirmed and their enrollment has been finalized, thereby preventing the group allocation from being anticipated in advance, Blinding description: In this study, both the outcome assessor and the data analyst will be blinded to group allocation.</study_design>
      <phase>N/A</phase>
      <hc_freetext>Chronic non-specific Low Back Pain.</hc_freetext>
      <i_freetext>Intervention 1: Intervention group: Including routine physiotherapy treatment and dry needling. Intervention 2: Intervention group: Including routine physiotherapy treatment, neurodynamic techniques, and dry needling. Intervention 3: Control group: Including routine physiotherapy treatment, neurodynamic techniques.</i_freetext>
      <results_actual_enrolment></results_actual_enrolment>
      <results_date_completed></results_date_completed>
      <results_url_link></results_url_link>
      <results_summary></results_summary>
      <results_date_posted></results_date_posted>
      <results_date_first_publication></results_date_first_publication>
      <results_baseline_char></results_baseline_char>
      <results_participant_flow></results_participant_flow>
      <results_adverse_events></results_adverse_events>
      <results_outcome_measures></results_outcome_measures>
      <results_url_protocol></results_url_protocol>
      <results_IPD_plan>No - There is not a plan to make this available</results_IPD_plan>
      <results_IPD_description>Justification or reason for not sharing IPD is There is no further information.</results_IPD_description>
    </main>
    <contacts>
      <contact>
        <type>public</type>
        <firstname>Bahram Amirshakeri</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>Golgasht Ave.</address>
        <city>Tabriz</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip>5165665813</zip>
        <telephone>+98 41 3337 5359</telephone>
        <email>Amirshakerib@tbzmed.ac.ir</email>
        <affiliation>Tabriz University of Medical Sciences</affiliation>
      </contact>
      <contact>
        <type>scientific</type>
        <firstname>Bahram Amirshakeri</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>Golgasht Ave</address>
        <city>Tabriz</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip>5165665813</zip>
        <telephone>+98 41 3337 5359</telephone>
        <email>Amirshakerib@tbzmrd.ac.ir</email>
        <affiliation>Tabriz University of Medical Sciences</affiliation>
      </contact>
    </contacts>
    <countries>
      <country2>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country2>
    </countries>
    <criteria>
      <inclusion_criteria>Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain with Referred Pain to the Posterior Lower Limb Lasting More Than 3 Months
Pain intensity ranging from 3 to 7 on a 10-cm Visual Analog Scale (VAS)
An Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score of &gt;20%
A positive Straight Leg Raise (SLR) test between 40° and 70°
Presence of active myofascial trigger points in the gluteus medius and hamstring muscles</inclusion_criteria>
      <agemin>18 years</agemin>
      <agemax>65 years</agemax>
      <gender>Both</gender>
      <exclusion_criteria>Presence of myopathy, neuropathy, or myelopathy
Presence of systemic, inflammatory, or degenerative diseases
History of trauma to the lumbopelvic region, lumbar surgery, or surgery involving the symptomatic lower limb
History of arthroplasty or fracture involving the symptomatic lower limb
Diagnosis of fibromyalgia
Cognitive impairment affecting the ability to understand instructions or participate in the study
History of physiotherapy, dry needling or injection targeting the gluteus medius and hamstring muscles within the previous 6 months
Presence of serious medical conditions, including severe cardiopulmonary diseases or malignancies
Severe needle phobia or any contraindication to dry needling
History of substance abuse or current use of corticosteroid medications
Pregnancy</exclusion_criteria>
    </criteria>
    <health_condition_code>
      <hc_code>M54.5</hc_code>
    </health_condition_code>
    <health_condition_keyword>
      <hc_keyword>Low back pain</hc_keyword>
    </health_condition_keyword>
    <intervention_code>
      <i_code>Rehabilitation</i_code>
      <i_code>Rehabilitation</i_code>
      <i_code>Rehabilitation</i_code>
    </intervention_code>
    <intervention_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Intervention group: Including routine physiotherapy treatment and dry needling</i_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Intervention group: Including routine physiotherapy treatment, neurodynamic techniques, and dry needling</i_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Control group: Including routine physiotherapy treatment, neurodynamic techniques</i_keyword>
    </intervention_keyword>
    <primary_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Referred pain intensity in the posterior thigh. Timepoint: Pain intensity will be measured at baseline, after the 10th session (immediately after completion of the intervention), and one month after completion of the intervention. Method of measurement: Pain intensity will be assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale for Pain. This instrument consists of a 10-centimeter line, with one endpoint representing no pain and the other representing the worst imaginable pain.</prim_outcome>
    </primary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <sec_outcome>Low back pain-related functional disability. Timepoint: At baseline, after tenth session (completion of the treatment) , and one month after completion of the intervention. Method of measurement: using the Oswestry Disability Index questionnaire and expressed as a percentage of the total score.</sec_outcome>
      <sec_outcome>Passive range of motion during the straight leg raise test. Timepoint: َAt baseline and after tenth session (completion of the  treatment). Method of measurement: using a goniometer.</sec_outcome>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_sponsor>
      <sponsor_name></sponsor_name>
    </secondary_sponsor>
    <secondary_ids>
      <secondary_id>
        <sec_id></sec_id>
        <issuing_authority></issuing_authority>
      </secondary_id>
    </secondary_ids>
    <source_support>
      <source_name>Tabriz University of Medical Sciences</source_name>
    </source_support>
    <ethics_reviews>
      <ethics_review>
        <status>Approved</status>
        <approval_date>2026-10-05</approval_date>
        <contact_name>Ethics committee of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences</contact_name>
        <contact_address>Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht Street Tabriz East Azarbaijan Iran (Islamic Republic of)</contact_address>
        <contact_phone></contact_phone>
        <contact_email></contact_email>
      </ethics_review>
    </ethics_reviews>
  </trial>
</trials>
