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IRCT20260105068555N1 IRCT 2026-02-05 Islamic Azad University of Islamshahr The effect of physical exercise and spirituality on sports participation of the elderly Investigating the effect of aerobic exercises, yoga, and spirituality on the participation of the elderly in physical activity and sports 2026-01-20 anticipated 120 Complete https://irct.ir/trial/88597 interventional Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Not blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Parallel, Purpose: Supportive, Randomization description: Simple randomization was performed based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Assignment to the intervention and control groups was done by drawing lots. The labels "Aerobics," "Yoga," "Spirituality," and "Control (no exercise)" were written on separate slips of paper, placed in a container in quantities corresponding to the number of participants, and then participants were assigned to their respective groups according to the list. N/A Physical activity and exercise, depression, anxiety. Intervention 1: Intervention Group 1 will participate in a group aerobic exercise program for eight weeks, with three sessions per week, each lasting 30–50 minutes. Each session will consist of three parts: warm-up, main exercise, and cool-down. During the warm-up, participants will walk at a normal pace and perform stretching and flexibility exercises to prepare the body and reduce the risk of injury. The main exercise will consist of brisk walking, jogging, and running, aiming to improve cardiovascular endurance, enhance overall physical fitness, and strengthen muscles. Participants will be guided by a trained instructor, who will ensure correct technique and provide support to maximize both safety and effectiveness. The cool-down will include walking at a slower pace and additional stretching and flexibility exercises to relax muscles, prevent stiffness, and facilitate recovery. Participants will be encouraged to actively engage in all exercises, reflect on their experiences, and gradually integrate these activities into their daily routines, with the goal of progressively improving physical fitness and comfort with aerobic exercise over the eight-week program. Intervention 2: Intervention Group 2 will participate in a group yoga program for eight weeks, with three sessions per week, each lasting 30–50 minutes. Each session will consist of three parts: warm-up, main exercise, and cool-down. The warm-up will include stretching and flexibility exercises to prepare the body and reduce the risk of injury. The main exercise will consist of yoga breathing exercises, meditation, and mindfulness practices, focusing on breath control, body awareness, and mental relaxation. Participants will be guided step-by-step by a trained instructor to ensure correct technique and active engagement. The cool-down will include additional stretching and flexibility exercises to promote relaxation and recovery. Participants will be encouraged to actively engage in all exercises, reflect on their experiences, and discuss insights with the group, with the goal of gradually improving physical flexibility and mental focus over the eight-week program. Intervention 3: Intervention Group 3 will participate in a group spirituality program for eight weeks, with three sessions per week, each lasting approximately 30 minutes. Each session will include structured training and practice in prayer, gratitude exercises, and self-awareness activities. During the prayer component, participants will learn short prayers and focus on positive words and feelings. In the gratitude component, they will write or share three things they are grateful for and discuss with the group how this affects their emotions. In the self-awareness component, participants will practice mindful breathing, observe their thoughts and feelings, and reflect on personal experiences. Sessions will be guided by a trained facilitator who will provide step-by-step instructions. Participants will be encouraged to actively engage in the exercises, reflect on their experiences, and discuss insights with the group, with the aim of progressively enhancing their skills and comfort with the practices over the eight-week program. Intervention 4: Control group: Control group subjects do not participate in any intervention and participate in the daily affairs and activities, such as educational, cultural, and social activities, during the research. No - There is not a plan to make this available Justification or reason for not sharing IPD is There is no further information
public Saeed Ghorbani
No. 12, Sardar Jangal, Poonak
Tehran Iran (Islamic Republic of) 49416-66117 +98 21 5635 6185 Saeedghorbani_ur@yahoo.com Islamic Azad University scientific Saeed Ghorbani
No. 12, Sardar Jangal, Poonak
Tehran Iran (Islamic Republic of) 49416-66117 +98 21 5635 6185 Saeedghorbani_ur@yahoo.com Islamic Azad University Iran (Islamic Republic of) Men and women over 60 years old No mental disorder No physical disorder 60 years 90 years Both participating in aerobic, yoga, or spirituality classes since in the past six months Any change in the general state of the patient's body during exercise so that he is not able to exercise Z02.5 Encounter for examination for participation in sport Lifestyle Lifestyle Lifestyle N/A Intervention Group 1 will participate in a group aerobic exercise program for eight weeks, with three sessions per week, each lasting 30–50 minutes. Each session will consist of three parts: warm-up, main exercise, and cool-down. During the warm-up, participants will walk at a normal pace and perform stretching and flexibility exercises to prepare the body and reduce the risk of injury. The main exercise will consist of brisk walking, jogging, and running, aiming to improve cardiovascular endurance, enhance overall physical fitness, and strengthen muscles. Participants will be guided by a trained instructor, who will ensure correct technique and provide support to maximize both safety and effectiveness. The cool-down will include walking at a slower pace and additional stretching and flexibility exercises to relax muscles, prevent stiffness, and facilitate recovery. Participants will be encouraged to actively engage in all exercises, reflect on their experiences, and gradually integrate these activities into their daily routines, with the goal of progressively improving physical fitness and comfort with aerobic exercise over the eight-week program. Intervention Group 2 will participate in a group yoga program for eight weeks, with three sessions per week, each lasting 30–50 minutes. Each session will consist of three parts: warm-up, main exercise, and cool-down. The warm-up will include stretching and flexibility exercises to prepare the body and reduce the risk of injury. The main exercise will consist of yoga breathing exercises, meditation, and mindfulness practices, focusing on breath control, body awareness, and mental relaxation. Participants will be guided step-by-step by a trained instructor to ensure correct technique and active engagement. The cool-down will include additional stretching and flexibility exercises to promote relaxation and recovery. Participants will be encouraged to actively engage in all exercises, reflect on their experiences, and discuss insights with the group, with the goal of gradually improving physical flexibility and mental focus over the eight-week program. Intervention Group 3 will participate in a group spirituality program for eight weeks, with three sessions per week, each lasting approximately 30 minutes. Each session will include structured training and practice in prayer, gratitude exercises, and self-awareness activities. During the prayer component, participants will learn short prayers and focus on positive words and feelings. In the gratitude component, they will write or share three things they are grateful for and discuss with the group how this affects their emotions. In the self-awareness component, participants will practice mindful breathing, observe their thoughts and feelings, and reflect on personal experiences. Sessions will be guided by a trained facilitator who will provide step-by-step instructions. Participants will be encouraged to actively engage in the exercises, reflect on their experiences, and discuss insights with the group, with the aim of progressively enhancing their skills and comfort with the practices over the eight-week program. Control group: Control group subjects do not participate in any intervention and participate in the daily affairs and activities, such as educational, cultural, and social activities, during the research. Intention to participate in physical activity and exercise. Timepoint: One week before and after intervention. Method of measurement: "Intention to Participate in Sports" questionnaire by Gill, Gross, and Huddleston (1983). Depression. Timepoint: One week before and after intervention. Method of measurement: The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale - 21 Items (DASS-21) by Beck (1993). Anxiety. Timepoint: One week before and after intervention. Method of measurement: The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale - 21 Items (DASS-21) by Beck (1993). Islamic Azad University of Islamshahr Approved 2024-07-30 Ethics Committee of Islamic Azad University - Sari Branch Islamic Azad University - Sari Branch, 7th Km Darya Road, Sari Sari Mazandaran Iran (Islamic Republic of)