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IRCT20240702062312N2 IRCT 2026-01-23 Razi university effectiveness of aquatic and land HIIT on knee function and quality of life in soccer players with patellofemural pain syndrome Comparing the effectiveness of aquatic and land HIIT on knee function and quality of life in young male soccer players with patellofemural pain syndrome 2026-01-10 anticipated 40 Complete https://irct.ir/trial/88440 interventional Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Not blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Other, Purpose: Treatment, Randomization description: This study is designed as a randomized controlled clinical trial with an individual-level unit of randomization. A total of 40 eligible participants, after careful verification of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, completion of baseline assessments, and provision of written informed consent, will be randomly allocated to one of four study groups: control, aquatic exercise, land-based exercise, and combined exercise. Participants will be assigned to the study groups using a simple randomization method, with an equal allocation ratio of 1:1:1:1. Each participant will therefore have an equal and independent probability of being allocated to any of the four groups. The random allocation sequence will be generated using a computer-based random number generation procedure implemented in SPSS statistical software (version 26). The generation of the randomization sequence will be performed by an independent researcher who is not involved in participant recruitment, baseline assessment, intervention delivery, or data analysis. To minimize the risk of selection bias and to preserve internal validity, strict allocation concealment will be maintained until the point of final group assignment. The randomization results will be placed in sequentially numbered, opaque, sealed, and light-impermeable envelopes prepared by the independent researcher. These envelopes will be securely stored and opened strictly in the order of participant enrollment. The investigator responsible for participant recruitment and baseline assessments will remain blinded to the allocation sequence and group assignments until the envelope corresponding to the enrolled participant is opened. Each envelope will be opened only after eligibility confirmation, completion of baseline measurements, and signing of the informed consent form. This procedure ensures that neither the investigators nor the participants can predict or influence group assignment. Due to the nature of the exercise interventions, blinding of participants and intervention providers is not feasible. However, where possible, outcome assessments will be conducted by an independent assessor who is blinded to group allocation in order to minimize detection bias. All procedures related to randomization, allocation concealment, and group assignment will be fully documented and made available for review by the Ethics Committee or relevant regulatory authorities upon request. N/A Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome. Intervention 1: Intervention group: aquatic training group performed 8 weeks of high-intensity interval training in water, including 4 movements (stationary running, cross-country skiing, jumping jacks, and frontal kicks) in 8 sets, with 2 minutes of high-intensity interval training per set and 2 minutes of active rest between each set. Intervention 2: Intervention group: Lanland-based HIIT (ergometer cycling at 85–95% HRmax), 8 weeks of training on a stationary bike on land. Intervention 3: Intervention group: Combined group, one week of training in water and one week of training on land, aquatic training 4 weeks of high-intensity interval training in water, including 4 movements (stationary running, cross-country skiing, jumping jacks, and frontal kicks) in 8 sets, with 2 minutes of high-intensity interval training per set and 2 minutes of active rest between each set and 4 weeks of land training -based HIIT (ergometer cycling at 85–95% HRmax). Intervention 4: Control group: This group does not receive any intervention and only participates in measurements. Yes - There is a plan to make this available What will be shared: En Part of the data, such as average age, gender,the average of the body mass index and results of the outcome have the possibility of sharing When: 6 months after the print results To whom: Researcher people in Academic and scientific institutions Conditions: Just to compare with similar research using the documentation permitted Where to obtain: By email to Nasser Rostamzadeh naserrostamzadeh806@gmail.com How to obtain: After you send the request via e-mail, lasts for 2 months Comments:
public Naser Rostamzadeh
No.1,Zibashahr Ave., Baharan Town
Sanandaj Iran (Islamic Republic of) 6617881554 +98 87 3371 1530 naserrostamzadeh806@gmail.com university of kurdistan scientific Naser Rostamzadeh
No.1,Zibashahr Ave., Baharan Town
Sanandaj Iran (Islamic Republic of) 6617881554 +98 87 3371 1530 naserrostamzadeh806@gmail.com university of kurdistan Iran (Islamic Republic of) Men with knee pain syndrome for at least six months in both legs Absence of any other symptoms of illness No history of trauma, injury, or surgery in the past three months Age between 20 and 40 years No addiction to tobacco or alcohol, no use of intra-articular injections in the past three months No use of painkillers or dietary supplements in the past three months and no history of joint-threatening diseases 20 years 40 years Male Failure to attend training sessions regularly and becoming ill Any spinal problems Recent surgery, any musculoskeletal problems (such as fractures, bursitis) Lifestyle Lifestyle Lifestyle Lifestyle Intervention group: aquatic training group performed 8 weeks of high-intensity interval training in water, including 4 movements (stationary running, cross-country skiing, jumping jacks, and frontal kicks) in 8 sets, with 2 minutes of high-intensity interval training per set and 2 minutes of active rest between each set. Intervention group: Lanland-based HIIT (ergometer cycling at 85–95% HRmax), 8 weeks of training on a stationary bike on land Intervention group: Combined group, one week of training in water and one week of training on land, aquatic training 4 weeks of high-intensity interval training in water, including 4 movements (stationary running, cross-country skiing, jumping jacks, and frontal kicks) in 8 sets, with 2 minutes of high-intensity interval training per set and 2 minutes of active rest between each set and 4 weeks of land training -based HIIT (ergometer cycling at 85–95% HRmax) Control group: This group does not receive any intervention and only participates in measurements Knee pain. Timepoint: Before starting the protocol and again after 2 months training. Method of measurement: VAS Questionnaire. Functional performance. Timepoint: Before starting the protocol and again after 2 months training. Method of measurement: hop test. Lower strength. Timepoint: Before starting the protocol and again after 2 months training. Method of measurement: one repetition maximum (leg press). Upper strength. Timepoint: Before starting the protocol and again after 2 months training. Method of measurement: one repetition maximum (chest press). Speed. Timepoint: Before starting the protocol and again after 2 months training. Method of measurement: 20m test. Dynamic balance. Timepoint: Before starting the protocol and again after 2 months training. Method of measurement: Y test. Quality of life. Timepoint: Before starting the protocol and again after 2 months training. Method of measurement: SF-36 Questionnaire. Razi university Approved 2024-03-06 Ethics committee of Kermanshah Razi University university street Kermanshah Kermanshah Iran (Islamic Republic of)