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IRCT20251202068197N1 IRCT 2025-12-05 University of Guilan Effects of dynamic stretching and tissue flossing on muscle function, sprint performance, balance, and proprioception in soccer players with hamstring shortness Acute, chronic, and detraining effects of dynamic stretching and tissue flossing on muscle function, sprint performance, balance, and proprioception, in soccer players with hamstring shortness: a three-arm parallel randomized controlled trial protocol 2025-12-10 anticipated 57 Complete https://irct.ir/trial/87892 interventional Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Not blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Parallel, Purpose: Supportive, Randomization description: Eligible participants will be randomly assigned to one of three groups, including a dynamic stretching group, a tissue flossing group, or a control group, using a computer-generated randomization sequence from https://www.randomizer.org. The randomization list is securely stored on a password-protected computer, accessible only to the researcher responsible for participant allocation. Recruitment staff and others will not have access to this information. N/A Limited knee range of motion. Intervention 1: Intervention group: Participants assigned to the tissue flossing group will undergo floss band application, which will be anchored just above the distal third of the thigh between the anterior superior iliac spine and the patella. The band will be applied in a spiral pattern from distal to proximal, maintaining 50% tension and 50% overlap between layers, and will remain continuously applied throughout each session without removal between sets. The Tissue Flossing Group will follow a 6-week progressive protocol. Weeks 1–2 involved 2 sets of 15 repetitions of two exercises (Active leg swings and Active standing toe touches), which will be performed three times per week. Weeks 3–4 progressed to 3 sets of 20 repetitions of Active leg swings and Dynamic standing hamstring stretches, also three times weekly. Weeks 5–6 involved 4 sets of 20 repetitions of Active leg swings and standing hamstring scoop exercises, which will be performed four times per week. Intervention 2: Intervention group: The Dynamic Stretching Group will complete a separate 6-week progressive protocol. Weeks 1–2 will involve 3 sets of 15 repetitions of Active leg swings and Lunges with eccentric hamstring windmills, to be performed three times per week at a controlled end-range. Weeks 3–4 will increase to 4 sets of 20 repetitions with a slightly increased range of motion. Weeks 5–6 will involve 5 sets of 20 repetitions, with further increased range and speed, to be performed four times per week. For both groups, exercises will be performed at a moderate tempo, 3 seconds per repetition (2-second eccentric, 1-second concentric), synchronized to a metronome at 60 BPM, with a 20-second rest interval between sets. All protocols will be conducted in the morning (10–12 AM) during the pre-competition active phase, with exercises performed bilaterally. Intervention 3: Control group: The control group received no other intervention, except for the same warm-up as the other groups. Yes - There is a plan to make this available What will be shared: Some of the images used in the study will be corrupted. When: From 01/03/2026 to 6 months later To whom: Researcher Conditions: An official email should be used to contact the corresponding author. Where to obtain: corresponding author. How to obtain: official email Comments:
public Hassan Daneshmandi
Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Guilan Complex, Persian Gulf Highway (Km. 5 of Rasht-Qazvin Road), Rasht, Iran.
Rasht Iran (Islamic Republic of) ۴۱۹۹۶۱۳۷۷۶ +98 933 611 7047 mohammadalghosi9@gmail.com University of Guilan scientific Mohammad Alghosi
Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Guilan Complex, Persian Gulf Highway (Km. 5 of Rasht-Qazvin Road), Rasht, Iran.
Rasht Iran (Islamic Republic of) ۴۱۹۹۶۱۳۷۷۶ +98 933 611 7047 mohammadalghosi9@gmail.com University of Guilan Iran (Islamic Republic of) Male amateur soccer players (who play in local leagues without a financial contract) aged 14 to 17 years Minimum of 3 years of continuous soccer participation within organized soccer clubs Clinically diagnosed with hamstring shortness, defined as a score of more than 33 degrees on the active knee extension test No prohibition on using dynamic stretching or tissue flossing, with the approval of a medical professional 14 years 17 years Male Lower limb injuries during the study Inability to commit to the full study duration and prescribed protocols, including more than two consecutive or three total absences M25.6 Stiffness of joint, not elsewhere classified Rehabilitation Rehabilitation Other Intervention group: Participants assigned to the tissue flossing group will undergo floss band application, which will be anchored just above the distal third of the thigh between the anterior superior iliac spine and the patella. The band will be applied in a spiral pattern from distal to proximal, maintaining 50% tension and 50% overlap between layers, and will remain continuously applied throughout each session without removal between sets. The Tissue Flossing Group will follow a 6-week progressive protocol. Weeks 1–2 involved 2 sets of 15 repetitions of two exercises (Active leg swings and Active standing toe touches), which will be performed three times per week. Weeks 3–4 progressed to 3 sets of 20 repetitions of Active leg swings and Dynamic standing hamstring stretches, also three times weekly. Weeks 5–6 involved 4 sets of 20 repetitions of Active leg swings and standing hamstring scoop exercises, which will be performed four times per week. Intervention group: The Dynamic Stretching Group will complete a separate 6-week progressive protocol. Weeks 1–2 will involve 3 sets of 15 repetitions of Active leg swings and Lunges with eccentric hamstring windmills, to be performed three times per week at a controlled end-range. Weeks 3–4 will increase to 4 sets of 20 repetitions with a slightly increased range of motion. Weeks 5–6 will involve 5 sets of 20 repetitions, with further increased range and speed, to be performed four times per week. For both groups, exercises will be performed at a moderate tempo, 3 seconds per repetition (2-second eccentric, 1-second concentric), synchronized to a metronome at 60 BPM, with a 20-second rest interval between sets. All protocols will be conducted in the morning (10–12 AM) during the pre-competition active phase, with exercises performed bilaterally. Control group: The control group received no other intervention, except for the same warm-up as the other groups. In the current study, hamstring shortness, knee range of motion, hamstring flexibility, muscle strength, muscle power, sprint performance, dynamic balance, and joint position sense are being investigated. Timepoint: Baseline, Acute effect measurement (after the first session), Chronic effect measurement (after 6 weeks of training), and Follow-up measurement (after 3 weeks of detraining). Method of measurement: The following outcome measures will be assessed using the corresponding tests: hamstring shortness and knee range of motion via the active knee extension test; hamstring flexibility via the active straight leg raise test; muscle strength (isometric and eccentric hamstring, isometric quadriceps) using a handheld dynamometer; lower-body muscle power via the countermovement jump test; sprint performance using the MySprint app protocol; dynamic balance via the Y-Balance test; and knee joint proprioception via a joint position sense test. University of Guilan Approved 2025-12-01 Research Ethics Committees of University of Guilan 5th Kilometer of Persian Gulf Highway, Rasht, Guilan Province, Iran Rasht Guilan Iran (Islamic Republic of)