<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE trials [
<!ELEMENT trials (trial+)>

<!ELEMENT trial (main,contacts,countries,criteria,health_condition_code,health_condition_keyword,intervention_code,
          intervention_keyword,primary_outcome,secondary_outcome,secondary_sponsor,secondary_ids,source_support,ethics_reviews)>

<!ELEMENT main (trial_id,utrn?,reg_name,date_registration,primary_sponsor,public_title,acronym?,scientific_title,scientific_acronym?,
          date_enrolment,type_enrolment,target_size,recruitment_status,url?,study_type,study_design,phase,hc_freetext?,i_freetext?,results_actual_enrolment,results_date_completed,results_url_link,results_summary,           results_date_posted,results_date_first_publication,results_baseline_char,results_participant_flow,results_adverse_events,results_outcome_measures,results_url_protocol,results_IPD_plan, results_IPD_description)>
<!ELEMENT trial_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT utrn (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT reg_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_registration (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT primary_sponsor (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT public_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_enrolment (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT type_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT target_size (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT recruitment_status (#PCDATA)><!-- Pending,Recruiting,Suspended,Complete,Other -->
<!ELEMENT url (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT study_type (#PCDATA)><!-- interventional,observational -->
<!ELEMENT study_design (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT phase (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT hc_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT i_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_actual_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_completed (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_url_link (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_summary (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_posted (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_date_first_publication (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_baseline_char (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_participant_flow (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_adverse_events (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_outcome_measures (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_url_protocol (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_plan (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_description (#PCDATA)>


<!ELEMENT contacts (contact+)>
<!ELEMENT contact (type,firstname,middlename,lastname,address,city,country1,zip,telephone,email,affiliation)>
<!ELEMENT type (#PCDATA)><!-- Public,Scientific -->
<!ELEMENT firstname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT middlename (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT lastname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT city (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT country1 (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT zip (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT telephone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT email (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT affiliation (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT countries (country2+)>
<!ELEMENT country2 (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT criteria (inclusion_criteria,agemin,agemax,gender,exclusion_criteria)>
<!ELEMENT inclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemin (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemax (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT gender (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT exclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_code (hc_code+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_keyword (hc_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_code (i_code+)>
<!ELEMENT i_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_keyword (i_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT i_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT primary_outcome (prim_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT prim_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_outcome (sec_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT sec_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_sponsor (sponsor_name+)>
<!ELEMENT sponsor_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_ids (secondary_id+)>
<!ELEMENT secondary_id (sec_id,issuing_authority)>
<!ELEMENT sec_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT issuing_authority (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT source_support (source_name+)>
<!ELEMENT source_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT ethics_reviews (ethics_review+)>
<!ELEMENT ethics_review (status,approval_date,contact_name,contact_address,contact_phone,contact_email)>
<!ELEMENT status (#PCDATA)><!-- Not approved,Approved,NA -->
<!ELEMENT approval_date (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT contact_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_phone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_email (#PCDATA)>
]>
<trials>
  <trial>
    <main>
      <trial_id>IRCT20100102002963N39</trial_id>
      <utrn></utrn>
      <reg_name>IRCT</reg_name>
      <date_registration>2025-09-21</date_registration>
      <primary_sponsor>Yazd University of Medical Sciences</primary_sponsor>
      <public_title>effect of of glucose on  bleeding during cesarean section</public_title>
      <acronym></acronym>
      <scientific_title>Evaluation of the effect of preoperative administration of glucose on intra and postoperative bleeding during cesarean section under spinal anesthesia</scientific_title>
      <scientific_acronym></scientific_acronym>
      <date_enrolment>2025-09-23</date_enrolment>
      <type_enrolment>anticipated</type_enrolment>
      <target_size>60</target_size>
      <recruitment_status>Complete</recruitment_status>
      <url>https://irct.ir/trial/86229</url>
      <study_type>interventional</study_type>
      <study_design>Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Double blinded, Placebo: Used, Assignment: Parallel, Purpose: Prevention, Randomization description: Based on the random number table, patients are divided into two groups of 30. In the first group, 25 grams of glucose (equivalent to 500 cc of 5% glucose serum) is added to the Ringer's serum, and in the second group, the same volume of normal saline is added to the Ringer's serum. This study is double-blind. This means that neither the patient nor the researcher knows which group the patient is in, Blinding description: Based on the random number table, patients are divided into two groups of 30. In the first group, 25 grams of glucose (equivalent to 500 cc of 5% glucose serum) is added to the Ringer's serum, and in the second group, the same volume of normal saline is added to the Ringer's serum. This study is double-blind. This means that neither the patient nor the researcher knows which group the patient is in.</study_design>
      <phase>3</phase>
      <hc_freetext>bleeding during cesarean section.</hc_freetext>
      <i_freetext>Intervention 1: Intervention group: 25 Grams of glucose (equivalent to 500 cc of 5% glucose serum) + Half a liter of Ringer's solution before surgery. Intervention 2: Control group: 500 cc of normal saline + Half a liter of Ringer's solution before surgery.</i_freetext>
      <results_actual_enrolment></results_actual_enrolment>
      <results_date_completed></results_date_completed>
      <results_url_link></results_url_link>
      <results_summary></results_summary>
      <results_date_posted></results_date_posted>
      <results_date_first_publication></results_date_first_publication>
      <results_baseline_char></results_baseline_char>
      <results_participant_flow></results_participant_flow>
      <results_adverse_events></results_adverse_events>
      <results_outcome_measures></results_outcome_measures>
      <results_url_protocol></results_url_protocol>
      <results_IPD_plan>Undecided - It is not yet known if there will be a plan to make this available</results_IPD_plan>
      <results_IPD_description>Justification or reason for indecision in sharing IPD is There is no further information</results_IPD_description>
    </main>
    <contacts>
      <contact>
        <type>public</type>
        <firstname>Dr Shekoufeh Behdad</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>Central building of Yazd University of Medical Sciences , Bahonar Square</address>
        <city>Yazd</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip>8915887857</zip>
        <telephone>+98 35 3823 1932</telephone>
        <email>drbehdad@ssu.ac.ir</email>
        <affiliation>Yazd University of Medical Sciences</affiliation>
      </contact>
      <contact>
        <type>scientific</type>
        <firstname>Dr Shekoufeh Behdad</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>Central building of Yazd University of Medical Sciences, Bahonar Square</address>
        <city>Yazd</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip>8915887857</zip>
        <telephone>0098 35 8231932</telephone>
        <email>drbehdad@ssu.ac.ir</email>
        <affiliation>Yazd University of Medical Sciences</affiliation>
      </contact>
    </contacts>
    <countries>
      <country2>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country2>
    </countries>
    <criteria>
      <inclusion_criteria>pregnancy
ASA class 2
Candidate for non-emergency cesarean section due to second repeat cesarean section
term pregnancy</inclusion_criteria>
      <agemin>20 years</agemin>
      <agemax>35 years</agemax>
      <gender>Female</gender>
      <exclusion_criteria>Patient's unwillingness to participate in the study
eclampsia
preeclampsia
diabetes mellitus
hypertension
cardiac disease
lung disease
kidney disease
liver disease
Drug and psychotropic addiction</exclusion_criteria>
    </criteria>
    <health_condition_code>
      <hc_code></hc_code>
    </health_condition_code>
    <health_condition_keyword>
      <hc_keyword>Postpartum hemorrhage</hc_keyword>
    </health_condition_keyword>
    <intervention_code>
      <i_code>Treatment - Drugs</i_code>
      <i_code>Placebo</i_code>
    </intervention_code>
    <intervention_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Intervention group: 25 Grams of glucose (equivalent to 500 cc of 5% glucose serum) + Half a liter of Ringer's solution before surgery</i_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Control group: 500 cc of normal saline + Half a liter of Ringer's solution before surgery</i_keyword>
    </intervention_keyword>
    <primary_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Reducing bleeding during cesarean section. Timepoint: Hemoglobin is measured and recorded before and six hours after the procedure Also, the amount of bleeding during the operation is assessed by counting blood gases, the amount of suctioned blood, and the estimated volume of blood in the veins and the results are recorded in a questionnaire. The amount of bleeding during recovery is also assessed by estimating the amount of blood in the patient's pad. Method of measurement: Laboratory.</prim_outcome>
    </primary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <sec_outcome></sec_outcome>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_sponsor>
      <sponsor_name></sponsor_name>
    </secondary_sponsor>
    <secondary_ids>
      <secondary_id>
        <sec_id></sec_id>
        <issuing_authority></issuing_authority>
      </secondary_id>
    </secondary_ids>
    <source_support>
      <source_name>Yazd University of Medical Sciences</source_name>
    </source_support>
    <ethics_reviews>
      <ethics_review>
        <status>Approved</status>
        <approval_date>2025-09-16</approval_date>
        <contact_name>Ethics Committee of Medical School - Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd</contact_name>
        <contact_address>Faculty of Medicine. Shohadayegomnam Blv.Yazd Yazd Yazd Iran (Islamic Republic of)</contact_address>
        <contact_phone></contact_phone>
        <contact_email></contact_email>
      </ethics_review>
    </ethics_reviews>
  </trial>
</trials>
