<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE trials [
<!ELEMENT trials (trial+)>

<!ELEMENT trial (main,contacts,countries,criteria,health_condition_code,health_condition_keyword,intervention_code,
          intervention_keyword,primary_outcome,secondary_outcome,secondary_sponsor,secondary_ids,source_support,ethics_reviews)>

<!ELEMENT main (trial_id,utrn?,reg_name,date_registration,primary_sponsor,public_title,acronym?,scientific_title,scientific_acronym?,
          date_enrolment,type_enrolment,target_size,recruitment_status,url?,study_type,study_design,phase,hc_freetext?,i_freetext?,results_actual_enrolment,results_date_completed,results_url_link,results_summary,           results_date_posted,results_date_first_publication,results_baseline_char,results_participant_flow,results_adverse_events,results_outcome_measures,results_url_protocol,results_IPD_plan, results_IPD_description)>
<!ELEMENT trial_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT utrn (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT reg_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_registration (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT primary_sponsor (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT public_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_enrolment (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT type_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT target_size (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT recruitment_status (#PCDATA)><!-- Pending,Recruiting,Suspended,Complete,Other -->
<!ELEMENT url (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT study_type (#PCDATA)><!-- interventional,observational -->
<!ELEMENT study_design (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT phase (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT hc_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT i_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_actual_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_completed (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_url_link (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_summary (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_posted (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_date_first_publication (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_baseline_char (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_participant_flow (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_adverse_events (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_outcome_measures (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_url_protocol (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_plan (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_description (#PCDATA)>


<!ELEMENT contacts (contact+)>
<!ELEMENT contact (type,firstname,middlename,lastname,address,city,country1,zip,telephone,email,affiliation)>
<!ELEMENT type (#PCDATA)><!-- Public,Scientific -->
<!ELEMENT firstname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT middlename (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT lastname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT city (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT country1 (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT zip (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT telephone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT email (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT affiliation (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT countries (country2+)>
<!ELEMENT country2 (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT criteria (inclusion_criteria,agemin,agemax,gender,exclusion_criteria)>
<!ELEMENT inclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemin (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemax (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT gender (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT exclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_code (hc_code+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_keyword (hc_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_code (i_code+)>
<!ELEMENT i_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_keyword (i_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT i_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT primary_outcome (prim_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT prim_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_outcome (sec_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT sec_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_sponsor (sponsor_name+)>
<!ELEMENT sponsor_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_ids (secondary_id+)>
<!ELEMENT secondary_id (sec_id,issuing_authority)>
<!ELEMENT sec_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT issuing_authority (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT source_support (source_name+)>
<!ELEMENT source_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT ethics_reviews (ethics_review+)>
<!ELEMENT ethics_review (status,approval_date,contact_name,contact_address,contact_phone,contact_email)>
<!ELEMENT status (#PCDATA)><!-- Not approved,Approved,NA -->
<!ELEMENT approval_date (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT contact_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_phone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_email (#PCDATA)>
]>
<trials>
  <trial>
    <main>
      <trial_id>IRCT20250430065543N1</trial_id>
      <utrn></utrn>
      <reg_name>IRCT</reg_name>
      <date_registration>2025-05-22</date_registration>
      <primary_sponsor>Riphah International University, Lahore</primary_sponsor>
      <public_title>Effects of Mikhled and Mckenzie Knee Exercise in Football player with patellofemoral Pain Syndrome</public_title>
      <acronym></acronym>
      <scientific_title>Comparative effects of Mikhled and Mckenzie Knee Exercise on Pain, Range of Motion and Function in Football players with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome</scientific_title>
      <scientific_acronym></scientific_acronym>
      <date_enrolment>2024-07-07</date_enrolment>
      <type_enrolment>anticipated</type_enrolment>
      <target_size>56</target_size>
      <recruitment_status>Complete</recruitment_status>
      <url>https://irct.ir/trial/83374</url>
      <study_type>interventional</study_type>
      <study_design>Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Single blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Parallel, Purpose: Treatment, Randomization description: Participants will be randomized into 2 groups through sealed envelope method ensuring allocation concealment and minimizing bias. It will involve creating a series of numbered envelopes, each containing the treatment assignment for specific patients, and then assigning the envelope to patient upon consent. Group A will be given Mikhled Knee exercises and Group B will be given Mckenzie knee exercises, Blinding description: Blinding in this study involve making participants are uninformed which participant which will be in which treatment group and which treatment will be given to which participant through sealed envelope method so it will be a single blinded study.</study_design>
      <phase>N/A</phase>
      <hc_freetext>Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome.</hc_freetext>
      <i_freetext>Intervention 1: Intervention group:  A Mikhled Knee Exercises, MKEP technique includes seven therapeutic level postures that should be held for 15-20 minutes each: Level one is supine, level two is on elbows, level three is half sitting, level four is prone, level five is bench long sitting, level six is bench prone, and level seven is bench supine. The same activity is included in each level but is presented differently as follows: The patient was taught to dorsiflex and to straighten the knee joint. The patient was instructed to elevate one leg 15 inches above the ground while keeping the knee extended. The patient was instructed to stretch his or her leg outward in an abduction stance while maintaining a straight knee. The patient was instructed to keep one leg outside of the body and bend it for 30 degrees. The patient was instructed to straighten his or her knee while maintaining horizontal leg position. The patient was instructed to position his leg inside in a manner similar to a second step, and then to return to step one and take a 30-second rest. Our frequency will 3 session per week for 4 weeks. Duration of 1 session will be 45 mints. Intervention 2: Intervention group: B Mckenzie Knee Exercises which include Straight Leg Raise (SLR):• Lie on your back with your legs straight.• Lift your affected leg off the ground, keeping it straight.• Hold for a few seconds and then lower it back down.• Repeat 10-15 times.Heel Slides:• Lie on your back with your knees bent.• Slide your affected heel towards your buttocks.• Slide it back to the starting position.• Repeat 10-15 times.2. Knee Flexion Exercises:Prone Knee Flexion:• Lie on your stomach with your legs straight.• Bend your affected knee, bringing your heel towards your buttocks.• Hold for a few seconds and then straighten your leg.• Repeat 10-15 times.Seated Knee Flexion:• Sit on a chair with your feet flat on the floor.• Bend your affected knee, lifting your foot off the ground.• Hold for a few seconds and then lower your foot back down.• Repeat 10-15 times.3. Strength Exercises:Quadriceps Sets:• Sit or lie down with your legs straight.• Tighten your thigh muscles (quadriceps) and hold for 10 seconds.• Relax and repeat 10-15 times 3 session per week for 4 weeks. Duration of 1 session will be 45 mints.</i_freetext>
      <results_actual_enrolment></results_actual_enrolment>
      <results_date_completed></results_date_completed>
      <results_url_link></results_url_link>
      <results_summary></results_summary>
      <results_date_posted></results_date_posted>
      <results_date_first_publication></results_date_first_publication>
      <results_baseline_char></results_baseline_char>
      <results_participant_flow></results_participant_flow>
      <results_adverse_events></results_adverse_events>
      <results_outcome_measures></results_outcome_measures>
      <results_url_protocol></results_url_protocol>
      <results_IPD_plan>Yes - There is a plan to make this available</results_IPD_plan>
      <results_IPD_description>What will be shared:
Yet to be decided  as the study will be complete in the next 3 month

When:
Yet to be decided  as the study will be complete in the next 3 month

To whom:
To all the researcher community and clinicians

Conditions:
For research purpose purpose and evidence  based practice at clinics

Where to obtain:
Google Scholar and PubMed

How to obtain:
Nil

Comments:
</results_IPD_description>
    </main>
    <contacts>
      <contact>
        <type>public</type>
        <firstname>Iqra Mubeen</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>25 Raza  Saeed Rd, Bhabra Block M Gulberg III, Lahore, Punjab 25-M Block, Lahore</address>
        <city>Lahore</city>
        <country1>Pakistan</country1>
        <zip>54660</zip>
        <telephone>+92 343 7251576</telephone>
        <email>iqramubeen470@gmail.com</email>
        <affiliation>Riphah International University, Lahore</affiliation>
      </contact>
      <contact>
        <type>scientific</type>
        <firstname>Dr. Iqra Mubeen PT</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>25 Raza Saeed Rd, Bhabra Block M Gulberg III, Punjab 25-M Block, Lahore</address>
        <city>Lahore</city>
        <country1>Pakistan</country1>
        <zip>54660</zip>
        <telephone>+92 343 7251576</telephone>
        <email>iqramubeen470@gmail.com</email>
        <affiliation>Riphah International University, Lahore</affiliation>
      </contact>
    </contacts>
    <countries>
      <country2>Pakistan</country2>
    </countries>
    <criteria>
      <inclusion_criteria>Regular Football players
Age: 18 to 35 years.
Diagnosed cases of Patellofemoral pain syndrome
Willing to Participate on study</inclusion_criteria>
      <agemin>18 years</agemin>
      <agemax>35 years</agemax>
      <gender>Both</gender>
      <exclusion_criteria>History of knee surgery in past 6 months
Having other knee pathologies (ACL tear, meniscal Injury).
Inability to participate in study due to other medical condition</exclusion_criteria>
    </criteria>
    <health_condition_code>
      <hc_code></hc_code>
    </health_condition_code>
    <health_condition_keyword>
      <hc_keyword></hc_keyword>
    </health_condition_keyword>
    <intervention_code>
      <i_code>Treatment - Other</i_code>
      <i_code>Treatment - Other</i_code>
    </intervention_code>
    <intervention_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Intervention group:  A Mikhled Knee Exercises, MKEP technique includes seven therapeutic level postures that should be held for 15-20 minutes each: Level one is supine, level two is on elbows, level three is half sitting, level four is prone, level five is bench long sitting, level six is bench prone, and level seven is bench supine. The same activity is included in each level but is presented differently as follows: The patient was taught to dorsiflex and to straighten the knee joint. The patient was instructed to elevate one leg 15 inches above the ground while keeping the knee extended. The patient was instructed to stretch his or her leg outward in an abduction stance while maintaining a straight knee. The patient was instructed to keep one leg outside of the body and bend it for 30 degrees. The patient was instructed to straighten his or her knee while maintaining horizontal leg position. The patient was instructed to position his leg inside in a manner similar to a second step, and then to return to step one and take a 30-second rest. Our frequency will 3 session per week for 4 weeks. Duration of 1 session will be 45 mints.</i_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Intervention group: B Mckenzie Knee Exercises which include Straight Leg Raise (SLR):• Lie on your back with your legs straight.• Lift your affected leg off the ground, keeping it straight.• Hold for a few seconds and then lower it back down.• Repeat 10-15 times.Heel Slides:• Lie on your back with your knees bent.• Slide your affected heel towards your buttocks.• Slide it back to the starting position.• Repeat 10-15 times.2. Knee Flexion Exercises:Prone Knee Flexion:• Lie on your stomach with your legs straight.• Bend your affected knee, bringing your heel towards your buttocks.• Hold for a few seconds and then straighten your leg.• Repeat 10-15 times.Seated Knee Flexion:• Sit on a chair with your feet flat on the floor.• Bend your affected knee, lifting your foot off the ground.• Hold for a few seconds and then lower your foot back down.• Repeat 10-15 times.3. Strength Exercises:Quadriceps Sets:• Sit or lie down with your legs straight.• Tighten your thigh muscles (quadriceps) and hold for 10 seconds.• Relax and repeat 10-15 times 3 session per week for 4 weeks. Duration of 1 session will be 45 mints.</i_keyword>
    </intervention_keyword>
    <primary_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Pain, Range of Motion and Function. Timepoint: 3 session per week 4 weeks. Duration of 1 session will be 45 mints. Method of measurement: Numeric Pain Rating scale, Goniometry and Kujala Scoring Questionnaire.</prim_outcome>
    </primary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <sec_outcome></sec_outcome>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_sponsor>
      <sponsor_name></sponsor_name>
    </secondary_sponsor>
    <secondary_ids>
      <secondary_id>
        <sec_id></sec_id>
        <issuing_authority></issuing_authority>
      </secondary_id>
    </secondary_ids>
    <source_support>
      <source_name>Riphah International University, Lahore</source_name>
    </source_support>
    <ethics_reviews>
      <ethics_review>
        <status>Approved</status>
        <approval_date>2024-07-30</approval_date>
        <contact_name>Ethics Committee of  Riphah College of Rehabilitation and Allied Health Sciences</contact_name>
        <contact_address>26- M Gulberg 3 Campus Lahore Lahore Punjab Pakistan</contact_address>
        <contact_phone></contact_phone>
        <contact_email></contact_email>
      </ethics_review>
    </ethics_reviews>
  </trial>
</trials>
