<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE trials [
<!ELEMENT trials (trial+)>

<!ELEMENT trial (main,contacts,countries,criteria,health_condition_code,health_condition_keyword,intervention_code,
          intervention_keyword,primary_outcome,secondary_outcome,secondary_sponsor,secondary_ids,source_support,ethics_reviews)>

<!ELEMENT main (trial_id,utrn?,reg_name,date_registration,primary_sponsor,public_title,acronym?,scientific_title,scientific_acronym?,
          date_enrolment,type_enrolment,target_size,recruitment_status,url?,study_type,study_design,phase,hc_freetext?,i_freetext?,results_actual_enrolment,results_date_completed,results_url_link,results_summary,           results_date_posted,results_date_first_publication,results_baseline_char,results_participant_flow,results_adverse_events,results_outcome_measures,results_url_protocol,results_IPD_plan, results_IPD_description)>
<!ELEMENT trial_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT utrn (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT reg_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_registration (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT primary_sponsor (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT public_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_enrolment (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT type_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT target_size (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT recruitment_status (#PCDATA)><!-- Pending,Recruiting,Suspended,Complete,Other -->
<!ELEMENT url (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT study_type (#PCDATA)><!-- interventional,observational -->
<!ELEMENT study_design (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT phase (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT hc_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT i_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_actual_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_completed (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_url_link (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_summary (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_posted (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_date_first_publication (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_baseline_char (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_participant_flow (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_adverse_events (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_outcome_measures (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_url_protocol (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_plan (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_description (#PCDATA)>


<!ELEMENT contacts (contact+)>
<!ELEMENT contact (type,firstname,middlename,lastname,address,city,country1,zip,telephone,email,affiliation)>
<!ELEMENT type (#PCDATA)><!-- Public,Scientific -->
<!ELEMENT firstname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT middlename (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT lastname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT city (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT country1 (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT zip (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT telephone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT email (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT affiliation (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT countries (country2+)>
<!ELEMENT country2 (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT criteria (inclusion_criteria,agemin,agemax,gender,exclusion_criteria)>
<!ELEMENT inclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemin (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemax (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT gender (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT exclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_code (hc_code+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_keyword (hc_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_code (i_code+)>
<!ELEMENT i_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_keyword (i_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT i_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT primary_outcome (prim_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT prim_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_outcome (sec_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT sec_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_sponsor (sponsor_name+)>
<!ELEMENT sponsor_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_ids (secondary_id+)>
<!ELEMENT secondary_id (sec_id,issuing_authority)>
<!ELEMENT sec_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT issuing_authority (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT source_support (source_name+)>
<!ELEMENT source_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT ethics_reviews (ethics_review+)>
<!ELEMENT ethics_review (status,approval_date,contact_name,contact_address,contact_phone,contact_email)>
<!ELEMENT status (#PCDATA)><!-- Not approved,Approved,NA -->
<!ELEMENT approval_date (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT contact_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_phone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_email (#PCDATA)>
]>
<trials>
  <trial>
    <main>
      <trial_id>IRCT20250217064751N1</trial_id>
      <utrn></utrn>
      <reg_name>IRCT</reg_name>
      <date_registration>2025-03-07</date_registration>
      <primary_sponsor>Islamic Azad University</primary_sponsor>
      <public_title>Comparison of two treatment methods: self-directed learning strategies training and executive function enhancement therapy</public_title>
      <acronym></acronym>
      <scientific_title>Comparing the Effectiveness of Self-Regulated Learning Strategies Training and Executive Function Enhancement Training on Academic Optimism, Sense of Belonging to School, and Academic Help-Seeking in Students with Low Academic Achievement</scientific_title>
      <scientific_acronym></scientific_acronym>
      <date_enrolment>2025-03-05</date_enrolment>
      <type_enrolment>anticipated</type_enrolment>
      <target_size>45</target_size>
      <recruitment_status>Complete</recruitment_status>
      <url>https://irct.ir/trial/82087</url>
      <study_type>interventional</study_type>
      <study_design>Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Double blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Parallel, Purpose: Education/Guidance, Randomization description: Experimental and control groups: After selecting the sample, the next step is to divide the people into experimental and control groups. For this, simple randomization can be used.
How to perform simple randomization: Step 1: After selecting the purposive sample, all the selected people are placed in a list. Step 2: From among these people, using a random method (such as drawing lots or using randomization software), the maples are divided into two experimental groups and a control group, Blinding description: In the study in question, assessors and data analysts are blinded to avoid bias, and an abbreviation is used for participants.</study_design>
      <phase>N/A</phase>
      <hc_freetext>Counseling therapy for students with low academic achievement.</hc_freetext>
      <i_freetext>Intervention 1: Intervention group: Self-directed learning strategies include: cognitive strategies (repetition and review strategies, expansion and expansion, and organization); metacognitive strategies (planning strategies, control and monitoring strategies, and discipline strategies); and resource management strategies. In this method, learners will have personal control over the learning process, and therefore, greater speed and accuracy in learning, and developmental issues such as greater self-reliance, self-efficacy, and greater responsibility will also be created in learners. Self-directed learners use self-directed learning strategies appropriately and are at a high level of motivation. Intervention 2: Intervention group: Executive function training encompasses a wide range of methods for empowering and strengthening cognitive processes and behavioral abilities such as problem-solving ability, attention, reasoning, organization, planning, working memory, inhibitory control, arousal control, priming, priming change, and response inhibition according to specific techniques. Emphasis on executive function training is one of the effective methods of cognitive training. In executive function training, we can understand the interconnectedness of thought, emotion, and behavior, their relationship and contradiction. The goal of this treatment is to help individuals adjust and adapt cognitive performance in the areas of attention and concentration and many other cognitive processes.</i_freetext>
      <results_actual_enrolment></results_actual_enrolment>
      <results_date_completed></results_date_completed>
      <results_url_link></results_url_link>
      <results_summary></results_summary>
      <results_date_posted></results_date_posted>
      <results_date_first_publication></results_date_first_publication>
      <results_baseline_char></results_baseline_char>
      <results_participant_flow></results_participant_flow>
      <results_adverse_events></results_adverse_events>
      <results_outcome_measures></results_outcome_measures>
      <results_url_protocol></results_url_protocol>
      <results_IPD_plan>No - There is not a plan to make this available</results_IPD_plan>
      <results_IPD_description>Justification or reason for not sharing IPD is The participants' data is confidential and I do not intend to publish it.</results_IPD_description>
    </main>
    <contacts>
      <contact>
        <type>public</type>
        <firstname>Roghayeh Esmail darjani</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>35 Pour Ganji Street, Velayat Alley 8, Enghelab Town</address>
        <city>Babylon</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip>4717937146</zip>
        <telephone>+98 11 3252 8304</telephone>
        <email>R.darjani68@gmail.com</email>
        <affiliation>Islamic Azad University</affiliation>
      </contact>
      <contact>
        <type>scientific</type>
        <firstname>Roghaye Esmail darjani</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>35 Pour Ganji Street, 8 Velayat Alley, Enghelab Town</address>
        <city>Babylon</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip>4717937146</zip>
        <telephone>+98 11 3252 8304</telephone>
        <email>R.darjani68@gmail.com</email>
        <affiliation>Islamic Azad University</affiliation>
      </contact>
    </contacts>
    <countries>
      <country2>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country2>
    </countries>
    <criteria>
      <inclusion_criteria>Subjects studied: Students with low academic achievement.
Girl's gender.
Age range 15 to 16.
Participate in the research with informed consent.
No concurrent clinical disorders and no dependence on alcohol or drugs.</inclusion_criteria>
      <agemin>15 years</agemin>
      <agemax>16 years</agemax>
      <gender>Female</gender>
      <exclusion_criteria>People with a history of physical problems that could interfere with the research process.
People with mental disorders.</exclusion_criteria>
    </criteria>
    <health_condition_code>
      <hc_code></hc_code>
    </health_condition_code>
    <health_condition_keyword>
      <hc_keyword></hc_keyword>
    </health_condition_keyword>
    <intervention_code>
      <i_code>Behavior</i_code>
      <i_code>Behavior</i_code>
    </intervention_code>
    <intervention_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Intervention group: Self-directed learning strategies include: cognitive strategies (repetition and review strategies, expansion and expansion, and organization); metacognitive strategies (planning strategies, control and monitoring strategies, and discipline strategies); and resource management strategies. In this method, learners will have personal control over the learning process, and therefore, greater speed and accuracy in learning, and developmental issues such as greater self-reliance, self-efficacy, and greater responsibility will also be created in learners. Self-directed learners use self-directed learning strategies appropriately and are at a high level of motivation.</i_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Intervention group: Executive function training encompasses a wide range of methods for empowering and strengthening cognitive processes and behavioral abilities such as problem-solving ability, attention, reasoning, organization, planning, working memory, inhibitory control, arousal control, priming, priming change, and response inhibition according to specific techniques. Emphasis on executive function training is one of the effective methods of cognitive training. In executive function training, we can understand the interconnectedness of thought, emotion, and behavior, their relationship and contradiction. The goal of this treatment is to help individuals adjust and adapt cognitive performance in the areas of attention and concentration and many other cognitive processes.</i_keyword>
    </intervention_keyword>
    <primary_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Academic optimism. Timepoint: Measuring this variable takes two months from the start of the study to its end. Method of measurement: Academic optimism: In this study, academic optimism refers to the score that subjects obtain from the 21-question academic optimism questionnaire by Golparvar et al. (2015).</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Sense of belonging to school. Timepoint: Measuring this variable takes two months from the start of the study to its end. Method of measurement: Sense of belonging to school: In this study, the sense of belonging to school refers to the score that subjects obtain from the 27-question Sense of Belonging to School Questionnaire by Barry et al. (2004).</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Academic Help Seeking. Timepoint: Measuring this variable takes two months from the start of the study to its end. Method of measurement: Academic help seeking: In this study, academic help seeking refers to the score that subjects obtain from the 14-question Ryan and Pentrich (1997) Academic Help Seeking Questionnaire.</prim_outcome>
    </primary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <sec_outcome></sec_outcome>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_sponsor>
      <sponsor_name></sponsor_name>
    </secondary_sponsor>
    <secondary_ids>
      <secondary_id>
        <sec_id></sec_id>
        <issuing_authority></issuing_authority>
      </secondary_id>
    </secondary_ids>
    <source_support>
      <source_name>Islamic Azad University</source_name>
    </source_support>
    <ethics_reviews>
      <ethics_review>
        <status>Approved</status>
        <approval_date>2025-01-15</approval_date>
        <contact_name>Ahvaz Islamic Azad University</contact_name>
        <contact_address>35 Pour Ganji Street, Velayat Alley 8, Enghelab Town Babylon Mazandaran Iran (Islamic Republic of)</contact_address>
        <contact_phone></contact_phone>
        <contact_email></contact_email>
      </ethics_review>
    </ethics_reviews>
  </trial>
</trials>
