<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE trials [
<!ELEMENT trials (trial+)>

<!ELEMENT trial (main,contacts,countries,criteria,health_condition_code,health_condition_keyword,intervention_code,
          intervention_keyword,primary_outcome,secondary_outcome,secondary_sponsor,secondary_ids,source_support,ethics_reviews)>

<!ELEMENT main (trial_id,utrn?,reg_name,date_registration,primary_sponsor,public_title,acronym?,scientific_title,scientific_acronym?,
          date_enrolment,type_enrolment,target_size,recruitment_status,url?,study_type,study_design,phase,hc_freetext?,i_freetext?,results_actual_enrolment,results_date_completed,results_url_link,results_summary,           results_date_posted,results_date_first_publication,results_baseline_char,results_participant_flow,results_adverse_events,results_outcome_measures,results_url_protocol,results_IPD_plan, results_IPD_description)>
<!ELEMENT trial_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT utrn (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT reg_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_registration (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT primary_sponsor (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT public_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_enrolment (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT type_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT target_size (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT recruitment_status (#PCDATA)><!-- Pending,Recruiting,Suspended,Complete,Other -->
<!ELEMENT url (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT study_type (#PCDATA)><!-- interventional,observational -->
<!ELEMENT study_design (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT phase (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT hc_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT i_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_actual_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_completed (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_url_link (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_summary (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_posted (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_date_first_publication (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_baseline_char (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_participant_flow (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_adverse_events (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_outcome_measures (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_url_protocol (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_plan (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_description (#PCDATA)>


<!ELEMENT contacts (contact+)>
<!ELEMENT contact (type,firstname,middlename,lastname,address,city,country1,zip,telephone,email,affiliation)>
<!ELEMENT type (#PCDATA)><!-- Public,Scientific -->
<!ELEMENT firstname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT middlename (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT lastname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT city (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT country1 (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT zip (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT telephone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT email (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT affiliation (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT countries (country2+)>
<!ELEMENT country2 (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT criteria (inclusion_criteria,agemin,agemax,gender,exclusion_criteria)>
<!ELEMENT inclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemin (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemax (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT gender (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT exclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_code (hc_code+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_keyword (hc_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_code (i_code+)>
<!ELEMENT i_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_keyword (i_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT i_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT primary_outcome (prim_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT prim_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_outcome (sec_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT sec_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_sponsor (sponsor_name+)>
<!ELEMENT sponsor_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_ids (secondary_id+)>
<!ELEMENT secondary_id (sec_id,issuing_authority)>
<!ELEMENT sec_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT issuing_authority (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT source_support (source_name+)>
<!ELEMENT source_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT ethics_reviews (ethics_review+)>
<!ELEMENT ethics_review (status,approval_date,contact_name,contact_address,contact_phone,contact_email)>
<!ELEMENT status (#PCDATA)><!-- Not approved,Approved,NA -->
<!ELEMENT approval_date (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT contact_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_phone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_email (#PCDATA)>
]>
<trials>
  <trial>
    <main>
      <trial_id>IRCT20230903059343N1</trial_id>
      <utrn></utrn>
      <reg_name>IRCT</reg_name>
      <date_registration>2023-10-04</date_registration>
      <primary_sponsor>Arak University of Medical Sciences</primary_sponsor>
      <public_title>Comparing the effect of Empagliflozin, Pioglitazone and their combination, on the course of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in diabetic patients</public_title>
      <acronym></acronym>
      <scientific_title>Comparing the effect of Empagliflozin, Pioglitazone and their combination, on sonographic and biochemical features of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in diabetic patients</scientific_title>
      <scientific_acronym></scientific_acronym>
      <date_enrolment>2023-10-16</date_enrolment>
      <type_enrolment>anticipated</type_enrolment>
      <target_size>120</target_size>
      <recruitment_status>Complete</recruitment_status>
      <url>https://irct.ir/trial/72608</url>
      <study_type>interventional</study_type>
      <study_design>Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Not blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Parallel, Purpose: Treatment, Randomization description: The patients will not be aware of the pattern of drug allocation for other patients. The patients will be visited by the physician, then go to one of the collaborators of the study to recieve their drugs. The collaborator will have no role in the treatment of the patients or analysis of the data. Each patient is placed in one of the groups based on the "permutation randomization block" method and recieve the corresponding drug box. 
In this study, the "permutation randomization block" method will be used for randomization with 6-ply blocks. In each block, each of the the following letters will be written on three cards: letter "E" (Empagloflozin), letter "P" (Pioglitazone) and letter "D" (Dual). The randomized 6-letter blocks will be 
PDPEED،DPDPEE ، EDPDPE، EEDPDP، PEEDPD، PPDPDEE،EDPPED ،PDPEPDE ،PDPEDE ، DPEEPD، PDEEPD،DPPEED ، PDEPDE، PPDDEE،DPEDEP ، DEPEPD ، DPPEDE، EPPDPDE، EPDPEPD، DEPDPEP.
For example, the random allocation in the PDPEED block will be: The first patient allocated to D, the second to E, the third to E, the fourth to P, the fifth to D, and the sixth patient allocated to P.</study_design>
      <phase>2-3</phase>
      <hc_freetext>Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.</hc_freetext>
      <i_freetext>Intervention 1: Intervention group: Recipients of Empagliflozin 10mg daily for 6 months. Intervention 2: Intervention group: Recipients of Pioglitazone 15 mg daily for 6 months. Intervention 3: Intervention group: Recipients of Empagliflozin 10 mg+ Pioglitazone 15 mg daily for 6 months.</i_freetext>
      <results_actual_enrolment></results_actual_enrolment>
      <results_date_completed></results_date_completed>
      <results_url_link></results_url_link>
      <results_summary></results_summary>
      <results_date_posted></results_date_posted>
      <results_date_first_publication></results_date_first_publication>
      <results_baseline_char></results_baseline_char>
      <results_participant_flow></results_participant_flow>
      <results_adverse_events></results_adverse_events>
      <results_outcome_measures></results_outcome_measures>
      <results_url_protocol></results_url_protocol>
      <results_IPD_plan>Undecided - It is not yet known if there will be a plan to make this available</results_IPD_plan>
      <results_IPD_description>Justification or reason for indecision in sharing IPD is No decision regarding the publishing of this study has been taken due to the fact that the study is not finished.</results_IPD_description>
    </main>
    <contacts>
      <contact>
        <type>public</type>
        <firstname>Dr Erfan Rezaeisafa</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>Arak University of Medical Sciences, Sardasht, Arak</address>
        <city>Arak</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip>3848176341</zip>
        <telephone>+98 86 3417 3639</telephone>
        <email>Sorbsorbian@gmail.com</email>
        <affiliation>Arak University of Medical Sciences</affiliation>
      </contact>
      <contact>
        <type>scientific</type>
        <firstname>Dr Erfan Rezaeisafa</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>Arak University of Medical Sciences, Sardasht, Arak</address>
        <city>Arak</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip>3848176341</zip>
        <telephone>+98 86 3417 3639</telephone>
        <email>Sorbsorbian@gmail.com</email>
        <affiliation>Arak University of Medical Sciences</affiliation>
      </contact>
    </contacts>
    <countries>
      <country2>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country2>
    </countries>
    <criteria>
      <inclusion_criteria>All patients with type 2 diabetes phenotype and fatty liver disease</inclusion_criteria>
      <agemin>20 years</agemin>
      <agemax>65 years</agemax>
      <gender>Both</gender>
      <exclusion_criteria>History of alcohol ingestion
Cirrhosis
Heart failure, NYHA class III or IV
Chronic kidney disease with GFR&lt;45 ml/min
Other chronic liver diseases including viral or autoimmune hepatitis
Current use of Empagliflozine or Pioglitazone
Use of known causative drugs for fatty liver including NSAIDs, Tamoxifen, Amiodarone and Valproate
Use of antioxidant agents during the past 3 months, including Vitamin C, Zinc or Selenium-containing supplements.
HbA1c less than 7 or more than 9 percent
Type 1 diabetes or diabetes due to a specific secondary cause
Pregnancy or Lactation
Active cancer during the last two years
Cardiovascular events during the last 3 months
History of hypothyroidism
Wilson's disease
BMI&gt;40 kg/m2
History of biliary obstruction
Glucocorticoid use for 2 weeks during the last 2 months</exclusion_criteria>
    </criteria>
    <health_condition_code>
      <hc_code>K76.0</hc_code>
    </health_condition_code>
    <health_condition_keyword>
      <hc_keyword>Fatty (change of) liver, not elsewhere classified</hc_keyword>
    </health_condition_keyword>
    <intervention_code>
      <i_code>Treatment - Drugs</i_code>
      <i_code>Treatment - Drugs</i_code>
      <i_code>Treatment - Drugs</i_code>
    </intervention_code>
    <intervention_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Intervention group: Recipients of Empagliflozin 10mg daily for 6 months.</i_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Intervention group: Recipients of Pioglitazone 15 mg daily for 6 months.</i_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Intervention group: Recipients of Empagliflozin 10 mg+ Pioglitazone 15 mg daily for 6 months.</i_keyword>
    </intervention_keyword>
    <primary_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>The proportion of patients in Empagliflozin treatment group who achieve meaningful (at least one grade) decrease in sonographic grade of their fatty liver disease. Timepoint: At the start of the study, then 6 months later. Method of measurement: Sonography equipment.</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>The proportion of patients in Pioglitazone treatment group who achieve meaningful (at least one grade) decrease in sonographic grade of their fatty liver disease. Timepoint: At the start of the study, then 6 months later. Method of measurement: Sonography equipment.</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>The proportion of patients in Empagliflozin plus Pioglitazone treatment group who achieve meaningful (at least one grade) decrease in sonographic grade of their fatty liver disease. Timepoint: At the start of the study, then 6 months later. Method of measurement: Sonography equipment.</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>The mean change in sonographic grade in Empagliflozin group. Timepoint: At the start of the study, then 6 months later. Method of measurement: Sonography equipment.</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>The mean change in sonographic grade in Pioglitazone group. Timepoint: At the start of the study, then 6 months later. Method of measurement: Sonography equipment.</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>The mean change in sonographic grade in ٍEmpagliflozin plus Pioglitazone group. Timepoint: At the start of the study, then 6 months later. Method of measurement: Sonography equipment.</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>The mean change of APRI (AST to Platelet Ratio Index) score in Empagliflozin group. Timepoint: At the start of the study, then 6 months later. Method of measurement: Specific laboratory kit for Aspartate aminotransferase and Platelets, then using APRI formula.</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>The mean change of APRI (AST to Platelet Ratio Index) score in Pioglitazone group. Timepoint: At the start of the study, then 6 months later. Method of measurement: Specific laboratory kit for Aspartate aminotransferase and Platelets, then using APRI formula.</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>The mean change of APRI (AST to Platelet Ratio Index) score in Empagliflozin plus Pioglitazone group. Timepoint: At the start of the study, then 6 months later. Method of measurement: Specific laboratory kit for Aspartate aminotransferase and Platelets, then using APRI formula.</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>The mean change in FIB-4 score in ٍEmpagliflozin group. Timepoint: At the start of the study, then 6 months later. Method of measurement: Specific laboratory kit for Aspartate aminotransferase and Platelets, then using FIB-4 formula.</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>The mean change of FIB-4 score in Pioglitazone group. Timepoint: At the start of the study, then 6 months later. Method of measurement: Specific laboratory kit for Aspartate aminotransferase and Platelets, then using FIB-4 formula.</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>The mean change of FIB-4 score in ٍEmpagliflozin plus Pioglitazone group. Timepoint: At the start of the study, then 6 months later. Method of measurement: Specific laboratory kit for Aspartate aminotransferase and Platelets, then using FIB-4 formula.</prim_outcome>
    </primary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <sec_outcome></sec_outcome>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_sponsor>
      <sponsor_name></sponsor_name>
    </secondary_sponsor>
    <secondary_ids>
      <secondary_id>
        <sec_id></sec_id>
        <issuing_authority></issuing_authority>
      </secondary_id>
    </secondary_ids>
    <source_support>
      <source_name>Arak University of Medical Sciences</source_name>
    </source_support>
    <ethics_reviews>
      <ethics_review>
        <status>Approved</status>
        <approval_date>2023-07-04</approval_date>
        <contact_name>Research ethics committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences</contact_name>
        <contact_address>Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak Arak Markazi Iran (Islamic Republic of)</contact_address>
        <contact_phone></contact_phone>
        <contact_email></contact_email>
      </ethics_review>
    </ethics_reviews>
  </trial>
</trials>
