<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE trials [
<!ELEMENT trials (trial+)>

<!ELEMENT trial (main,contacts,countries,criteria,health_condition_code,health_condition_keyword,intervention_code,
          intervention_keyword,primary_outcome,secondary_outcome,secondary_sponsor,secondary_ids,source_support,ethics_reviews)>

<!ELEMENT main (trial_id,utrn?,reg_name,date_registration,primary_sponsor,public_title,acronym?,scientific_title,scientific_acronym?,
          date_enrolment,type_enrolment,target_size,recruitment_status,url?,study_type,study_design,phase,hc_freetext?,i_freetext?,results_actual_enrolment,results_date_completed,results_url_link,results_summary,           results_date_posted,results_date_first_publication,results_baseline_char,results_participant_flow,results_adverse_events,results_outcome_measures,results_url_protocol,results_IPD_plan, results_IPD_description)>
<!ELEMENT trial_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT utrn (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT reg_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_registration (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT primary_sponsor (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT public_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_enrolment (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT type_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT target_size (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT recruitment_status (#PCDATA)><!-- Pending,Recruiting,Suspended,Complete,Other -->
<!ELEMENT url (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT study_type (#PCDATA)><!-- interventional,observational -->
<!ELEMENT study_design (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT phase (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT hc_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT i_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_actual_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_completed (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_url_link (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_summary (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_posted (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_date_first_publication (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_baseline_char (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_participant_flow (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_adverse_events (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_outcome_measures (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_url_protocol (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_plan (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_description (#PCDATA)>


<!ELEMENT contacts (contact+)>
<!ELEMENT contact (type,firstname,middlename,lastname,address,city,country1,zip,telephone,email,affiliation)>
<!ELEMENT type (#PCDATA)><!-- Public,Scientific -->
<!ELEMENT firstname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT middlename (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT lastname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT city (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT country1 (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT zip (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT telephone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT email (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT affiliation (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT countries (country2+)>
<!ELEMENT country2 (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT criteria (inclusion_criteria,agemin,agemax,gender,exclusion_criteria)>
<!ELEMENT inclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemin (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemax (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT gender (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT exclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_code (hc_code+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_keyword (hc_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_code (i_code+)>
<!ELEMENT i_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_keyword (i_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT i_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT primary_outcome (prim_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT prim_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_outcome (sec_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT sec_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_sponsor (sponsor_name+)>
<!ELEMENT sponsor_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_ids (secondary_id+)>
<!ELEMENT secondary_id (sec_id,issuing_authority)>
<!ELEMENT sec_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT issuing_authority (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT source_support (source_name+)>
<!ELEMENT source_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT ethics_reviews (ethics_review+)>
<!ELEMENT ethics_review (status,approval_date,contact_name,contact_address,contact_phone,contact_email)>
<!ELEMENT status (#PCDATA)><!-- Not approved,Approved,NA -->
<!ELEMENT approval_date (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT contact_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_phone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_email (#PCDATA)>
]>
<trials>
  <trial>
    <main>
      <trial_id>IRCT20230520058233N1</trial_id>
      <utrn></utrn>
      <reg_name>IRCT</reg_name>
      <date_registration>2023-07-11</date_registration>
      <primary_sponsor>Oroumia University of Medical Sciences</primary_sponsor>
      <public_title>The effects of epidural gelfoam soaked in bupivacaine and intramuscular paravertebral bupivacaine on postoperative analgesia after lumbar spine surgeries</public_title>
      <acronym></acronym>
      <scientific_title>Comparison of the effects of epidural gelfoam soaked in bupivacaine and intramuscular paravertebral bupivacaine on postoperative analgesia after lumbar spine surgeries</scientific_title>
      <scientific_acronym></scientific_acronym>
      <date_enrolment>2023-08-23</date_enrolment>
      <type_enrolment>anticipated</type_enrolment>
      <target_size>60</target_size>
      <recruitment_status>Complete</recruitment_status>
      <url>https://irct.ir/trial/71096</url>
      <study_type>interventional</study_type>
      <study_design>Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Single blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Parallel, Purpose: Treatment, Randomization description: Patients will be assigned to two groups using the Block Randomization method based on  generated-numbers by the Random Allocation computer software. In this software, the number of groups and the total sample size will be entered first, and then the Block randomization method will be implemented in the block section. Therefore, based on the total sample size (60 patients), 15 blocks of four will be used, Blinding description: The study will be conducted as a single-blind clinical trial. The patients will be blind of their allocation in one of intervention groups. So, the table of computer-generated numbers will be given to the physician. The physician will enter the patients into groups according to the order of numbers.</study_design>
      <phase>3</phase>
      <hc_freetext>Analgesia after lumbar spine surgeries.</hc_freetext>
      <i_freetext>Intervention 1: Intervention group: For patients in the first group, a 1 × 5 cm strip of gelfoam soaked in 70 mg of 0.25% bupivacaine will be placed in the epidural space 30 minutes before wound closure following laminectomy. Intervention 2: Intervention group: For patients in the second group, 70 mg of 0.25% bupivacaine will be injected intramuscularly paravertebrally 30 minutes before wound closure.</i_freetext>
      <results_actual_enrolment></results_actual_enrolment>
      <results_date_completed></results_date_completed>
      <results_url_link></results_url_link>
      <results_summary></results_summary>
      <results_date_posted></results_date_posted>
      <results_date_first_publication></results_date_first_publication>
      <results_baseline_char></results_baseline_char>
      <results_participant_flow></results_participant_flow>
      <results_adverse_events></results_adverse_events>
      <results_outcome_measures></results_outcome_measures>
      <results_url_protocol></results_url_protocol>
      <results_IPD_plan>No - There is not a plan to make this available</results_IPD_plan>
      <results_IPD_description>Justification or reason for not sharing IPD is Confidentiality of patient information</results_IPD_description>
    </main>
    <contacts>
      <contact>
        <type>public</type>
        <firstname>Dr. Peyman Gholipour</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>Imam Khomeini hospital, Ershad Ave, Modarres Blvd, Urmia, Iran.</address>
        <city>Urmia</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip>57154-89397</zip>
        <telephone>+98 44 3345 7286</telephone>
        <email>gholipour.p@umsu.ac.ir</email>
        <affiliation>Oroumia University of Medical Sciences</affiliation>
      </contact>
      <contact>
        <type>scientific</type>
        <firstname>Dr. Peyman Gholipour</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>Imam Khomeini hospital, Ershad Ave, Modarres Blvd, Urmia, Iran.</address>
        <city>Urmia</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip>57154-89397</zip>
        <telephone>+98 44 3345 7286</telephone>
        <email>gholipour.p@umsu.ac.ir</email>
        <affiliation>Oroumia University of Medical Sciences</affiliation>
      </contact>
    </contacts>
    <countries>
      <country2>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country2>
    </countries>
    <criteria>
      <inclusion_criteria>Patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery with general anesthesia
Age between 18 and 65 years old
Patients with physical status one and two according to the criteria of the American Anesthesia Association (ASA I, II)</inclusion_criteria>
      <agemin>18 years</agemin>
      <agemax>65 years</agemax>
      <gender>Both</gender>
      <exclusion_criteria>Body mass index above 30 kg/m2
History of seizure disorder
Severe systemic disease
Coagulation disorders
Drug abusers</exclusion_criteria>
    </criteria>
    <health_condition_code>
      <hc_code></hc_code>
    </health_condition_code>
    <health_condition_keyword>
      <hc_keyword></hc_keyword>
    </health_condition_keyword>
    <intervention_code>
      <i_code>Treatment - Drugs</i_code>
      <i_code>Treatment - Drugs</i_code>
    </intervention_code>
    <intervention_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Intervention group: For patients in the first group, a 1 × 5 cm strip of gelfoam soaked in 70 mg of 0.25% bupivacaine will be placed in the epidural space 30 minutes before wound closure following laminectomy.</i_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Intervention group: For patients in the second group, 70 mg of 0.25% bupivacaine will be injected intramuscularly paravertebrally 30 minutes before wound closure.</i_keyword>
    </intervention_keyword>
    <primary_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Pain severity. Timepoint: In recovery and  6, 12 and 24 hours after the surgery. Method of measurement: Visual analogue scale (VAS).</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Time of first request for analgesic medication. Timepoint: In 24 hours after the surgery. Method of measurement: Time of request by the patient.</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Dosage of morphine analgesic medication. Timepoint: In 24 hours after the surgery. Method of measurement: Miligeram.</prim_outcome>
    </primary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <sec_outcome>Mean arterial blood pressure. Timepoint: In recovery and 6, 12 and 24  hours after the surgery. Method of measurement: Monitoring by device.</sec_outcome>
      <sec_outcome>Heart rate. Timepoint: In recovery and 6, 12 and 24  hours after the surgery. Method of measurement: Monitoring by device.</sec_outcome>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_sponsor>
      <sponsor_name></sponsor_name>
    </secondary_sponsor>
    <secondary_ids>
      <secondary_id>
        <sec_id></sec_id>
        <issuing_authority></issuing_authority>
      </secondary_id>
    </secondary_ids>
    <source_support>
      <source_name>Oroumia University of Medical Sciences</source_name>
    </source_support>
    <ethics_reviews>
      <ethics_review>
        <status>Approved</status>
        <approval_date>2023-05-14</approval_date>
        <contact_name>Ethics Committee of Imam Khomeini Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences.</contact_name>
        <contact_address>Imam Khomeini hospital, Ershad Ave, Modarres Blvd, Urmia, Iran. Urmia West Azarbaijan Iran (Islamic Republic of)</contact_address>
        <contact_phone></contact_phone>
        <contact_email></contact_email>
      </ethics_review>
    </ethics_reviews>
  </trial>
</trials>
