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IRCT20220907055911N1 IRCT 2022-09-29 Bu-Ali Sina University The effect of self-compassion on cognitive vulnerability to depression The Effectiveness of Self-Compassion-Focused Therapy on Cognitive Vulnerability to Depression in Students of Bu-Ali Sina University 2020-02-20 anticipated 311 Complete https://irct.ir/trial/65815 interventional Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Not blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Other, Purpose: Education/Guidance, Other design features: It has an experimental group and a control group, the experimental group all underwent the same type of intervention, but the control group did not receive any intervention. Pre-test and post-test were performed on both groups, Randomization description: Sampling was done in two stages; First, for the purpose of screening, 311 series of questionnaires were provided to the students by available sampling method, then according to the criteria of the research, 52 people were screened at this stage. First, 40 people were randomly selected (40 questionnaire codes were selected by lottery from among the 52 available codes), and finally, these 40 people were randomly assigned (again, by lottery from among the 40 available codes, one of the selected codes was assigned to experimental and control groups were assigned), 20 people were in the experimental group and 20 people were in the control group. N/A Cognitive Vulnerability to Depression. Intervention 1: Intervention group: The experimental group underwent compassion-focused therapy for 8 sessions of 90 minutes. Neff, defined self-compassion as a three-component construct, which includes kindness to oneself versus self-judgment, human sharing versus isolation, and vigilance versus extreme assimilation. Therefore, Gilbert used this structure in the treatment sessions, and finally proposed self-compassion-focused therapy. In fact, self-compassion-focused therapy focuses on the four areas of past and historical experiences, underlying fears, strategies for being safe, and unintended consequences. self-compassion-focused therapy package was developed and designed based on the theoretical guidelines of Gilbert’s compassionate mind. Session one, purpose: introduction and general explanations. content: familiarity with members, workshop rules, members' goals for attending the meetings, the logic of intervention sessions, the definition of compassion, the importance and the effects of compassion. Session two, purpose: introducing emotional regulation systems. content: introducing three emotional regulation systems and the way they affect the individual; explaining the difference between a threat-focused mind and a compassionate mind. Session three, purpose: introducing mindfulness technique. content: teaching relaxing breath and the way to perform it; introducing mindfulness skills, physical examination techniques, moment-to-moment attention, and conscious eating (e.g., raisin eating practice). Session four, purpose: introducing the characteristics of compassion and a compassionate person. content: explaining the six characteristics of compassion (i.e., sensitivity, well-being care, empathy, sympathy, non-judgment, and tolerance of turmoil); defining a compassionate person and his characteristics (i.e., wisdom, power, kindness, non-judgment, and responsibility); explaining the fact that the client must learn skills in order to become a compassionate person. Session five, purpose: introducing compassionate reasoning and compassionate attention. content: teaching how to visualize self-compassion; imagining your best state; performing the technique of compassionate chair. Session six, purpose: introducing techniques to cultivate a compassionate mind. content: reconstructing hard emotional memories through focusing on compassionate identity; further cultivating the relief system; building a compassionate inner relationship. Session seven, purpose: introducing compassionate feeling (showing compassion to others and receiving compassion from them). content: practicing self-compassion; creating an ideal and complete compassionate model; having a brief reference to the concept of fear of compassion. Session eight, purpose: introducing compassionate behaviors. content: explaining the true meaning of compassionate behaviors; generating ideas for compassionate behaviors; teaching compassionate letter writing and summarizing. Intervention 2: Control group: The control group did not receive any treatment. Undecided - It is not yet known if there will be a plan to make this available Justification or reason for indecision in sharing IPD is There is no further information
public Haniyeh Rahimi
Shahid Mostafa Ahmadi Roshan Street
Hamedan Iran (Islamic Republic of) 6517838695 +98 81 3838 1601 haniehrahimi95@gmail.com Bu-Ali Sina University scientific Mehran Farhadi
Shahid Mostafa Ahmadi Roshan Street
Hamedan Iran (Islamic Republic of) 6517838695 +98 81 3838 1601 mehran.farhadi@gmail.com Bu-Ali Sina University Iran (Islamic Republic of) All students of Bu-Ali Sina University (Before screening) The lack of depression symptoms (After screening) Not receiving psychotherapy services in the past two months (After screening) These individuals should have a cognitive vulnerability to depression (After screening) no limit no limit Both Other Other Intervention group: The experimental group underwent compassion-focused therapy for 8 sessions of 90 minutes. Neff, defined self-compassion as a three-component construct, which includes kindness to oneself versus self-judgment, human sharing versus isolation, and vigilance versus extreme assimilation. Therefore, Gilbert used this structure in the treatment sessions, and finally proposed self-compassion-focused therapy. In fact, self-compassion-focused therapy focuses on the four areas of past and historical experiences, underlying fears, strategies for being safe, and unintended consequences. self-compassion-focused therapy package was developed and designed based on the theoretical guidelines of Gilbert’s compassionate mind. Session one, purpose: introduction and general explanations. content: familiarity with members, workshop rules, members' goals for attending the meetings, the logic of intervention sessions, the definition of compassion, the importance and the effects of compassion. Session two, purpose: introducing emotional regulation systems. content: introducing three emotional regulation systems and the way they affect the individual; explaining the difference between a threat-focused mind and a compassionate mind. Session three, purpose: introducing mindfulness technique. content: teaching relaxing breath and the way to perform it; introducing mindfulness skills, physical examination techniques, moment-to-moment attention, and conscious eating (e.g., raisin eating practice). Session four, purpose: introducing the characteristics of compassion and a compassionate person. content: explaining the six characteristics of compassion (i.e., sensitivity, well-being care, empathy, sympathy, non-judgment, and tolerance of turmoil); defining a compassionate person and his characteristics (i.e., wisdom, power, kindness, non-judgment, and responsibility); explaining the fact that the client must learn skills in order to become a compassionate person. Session five, purpose: introducing compassionate reasoning and compassionate attention. content: teaching how to visualize self-compassion; imagining your best state; performing the technique of compassionate chair. Session six, purpose: introducing techniques to cultivate a compassionate mind. content: reconstructing hard emotional memories through focusing on compassionate identity; further cultivating the relief system; building a compassionate inner relationship. Session seven, purpose: introducing compassionate feeling (showing compassion to others and receiving compassion from them). content: practicing self-compassion; creating an ideal and complete compassionate model; having a brief reference to the concept of fear of compassion. Session eight, purpose: introducing compassionate behaviors. content: explaining the true meaning of compassionate behaviors; generating ideas for compassionate behaviors; teaching compassionate letter writing and summarizing. Control group: The control group did not receive any treatment. Cognitive vulnerability score to depression. Timepoint: Before the start of the intervention and four days after the end of the intervention. Method of measurement: (According to the score of the Beck Depression Inventory, these people should not be depressed at the time of the intervention (z-scores less than 1) and also according to the scores of the dysfunctional attitude scale (scores of higher than 128), attribution style questionnaire and Cognitive Triad Inventory (z-scores of higher than 1) and self-esteem scale (z-scores lower than 1), these individuals should have cognitive vulnerability to depression. Dysfunctional attitudes score. Timepoint: Before the start of the intervention and four days after the end of the intervention. Method of measurement: Dysfunctional Attitude Scale and Cognitive Triad Inventory. Reducing internal, stable, and general attribution styles in negative situations score. Timepoint: Before the start of the intervention and four days after the end of the intervention. Method of measurement: Attributional Style Questionnaire. Self-esteem score. Timepoint: Before the start of the intervention and four days after the end of the intervention. Method of measurement: Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Bu-Ali Sina University Approved 2020-05-02 Ethics committee Hamedan of University of Bu-Ali Sina Shahid Mostafa Ahmadi Roshan Street Hamedan Hamadan Iran (Islamic Republic of)