<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE trials [
<!ELEMENT trials (trial+)>

<!ELEMENT trial (main,contacts,countries,criteria,health_condition_code,health_condition_keyword,intervention_code,
          intervention_keyword,primary_outcome,secondary_outcome,secondary_sponsor,secondary_ids,source_support,ethics_reviews)>

<!ELEMENT main (trial_id,utrn?,reg_name,date_registration,primary_sponsor,public_title,acronym?,scientific_title,scientific_acronym?,
          date_enrolment,type_enrolment,target_size,recruitment_status,url?,study_type,study_design,phase,hc_freetext?,i_freetext?,results_actual_enrolment,results_date_completed,results_url_link,results_summary,           results_date_posted,results_date_first_publication,results_baseline_char,results_participant_flow,results_adverse_events,results_outcome_measures,results_url_protocol,results_IPD_plan, results_IPD_description)>
<!ELEMENT trial_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT utrn (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT reg_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_registration (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT primary_sponsor (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT public_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_enrolment (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT type_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT target_size (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT recruitment_status (#PCDATA)><!-- Pending,Recruiting,Suspended,Complete,Other -->
<!ELEMENT url (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT study_type (#PCDATA)><!-- interventional,observational -->
<!ELEMENT study_design (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT phase (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT hc_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT i_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_actual_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_completed (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_url_link (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_summary (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_posted (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_date_first_publication (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_baseline_char (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_participant_flow (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_adverse_events (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_outcome_measures (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_url_protocol (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_plan (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_description (#PCDATA)>


<!ELEMENT contacts (contact+)>
<!ELEMENT contact (type,firstname,middlename,lastname,address,city,country1,zip,telephone,email,affiliation)>
<!ELEMENT type (#PCDATA)><!-- Public,Scientific -->
<!ELEMENT firstname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT middlename (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT lastname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT city (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT country1 (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT zip (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT telephone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT email (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT affiliation (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT countries (country2+)>
<!ELEMENT country2 (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT criteria (inclusion_criteria,agemin,agemax,gender,exclusion_criteria)>
<!ELEMENT inclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemin (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemax (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT gender (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT exclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_code (hc_code+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_keyword (hc_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_code (i_code+)>
<!ELEMENT i_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_keyword (i_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT i_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT primary_outcome (prim_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT prim_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_outcome (sec_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT sec_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_sponsor (sponsor_name+)>
<!ELEMENT sponsor_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_ids (secondary_id+)>
<!ELEMENT secondary_id (sec_id,issuing_authority)>
<!ELEMENT sec_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT issuing_authority (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT source_support (source_name+)>
<!ELEMENT source_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT ethics_reviews (ethics_review+)>
<!ELEMENT ethics_review (status,approval_date,contact_name,contact_address,contact_phone,contact_email)>
<!ELEMENT status (#PCDATA)><!-- Not approved,Approved,NA -->
<!ELEMENT approval_date (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT contact_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_phone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_email (#PCDATA)>
]>
<trials>
  <trial>
    <main>
      <trial_id>IRCT20170805035510N8</trial_id>
      <utrn></utrn>
      <reg_name>IRCT</reg_name>
      <date_registration>2022-01-22</date_registration>
      <primary_sponsor>Tehran University of Medical Sciences</primary_sponsor>
      <public_title>Evaluation of the effect of scalp block in controlling pain and opioid use during and after surgery under Analgesia Nociception Index (ANI) monitoring in patients with elective craniotomy</public_title>
      <acronym></acronym>
      <scientific_title>Evaluation of the effect of scalp block in controlling pain and opioid use during and after surgery under Analgesia Nociception Index (ANI) monitoring in patients with elective craniotomy</scientific_title>
      <scientific_acronym></scientific_acronym>
      <date_enrolment>2022-04-05</date_enrolment>
      <type_enrolment>anticipated</type_enrolment>
      <target_size>72</target_size>
      <recruitment_status>Complete</recruitment_status>
      <url>https://irct.ir/trial/60874</url>
      <study_type>interventional</study_type>
      <study_design>Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Not blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Parallel, Purpose: Treatment, Randomization description: Using the website www.sealedenveipoe.com, quadruple blocks were generated for randomization. The number of generated blocks will be 20 (sample size 72). The website generates blocks randomly (taking into account the number of study groups In each block are equal to each other) then they are provided to the person as Excel output. The determination of entry to the study is done based on the blocks made in order. Do not know or control groups based on generated blocks.</study_design>
      <phase>3</phase>
      <hc_freetext>craniotomy.</hc_freetext>
      <i_freetext>Intervention 1: Intervention group: One-sided scalp block will be performed under sterile conditions with bupivacaine 2mg / kg and diluted epinephrine 1: 200000. Pain intensity, prescribed opioid dose as well as hemodynamic parameters during induction (T0), during operation (T6) and painful stimulation times such as intubation (T1), fixation of head pins (T2), skin incision (T3), craniotomy (T4), opening Dora (T5) and closing the skin (T7) and while waking the patient (T8) will be recorded at these times. Intervention 2: Control group: Control group: Craniotomy patients undergoing general anesthesia undergo surgery according to the protocol of the intervention group without scalp block and the amount of drug use and pain are compared with the intervention group.</i_freetext>
      <results_actual_enrolment></results_actual_enrolment>
      <results_date_completed></results_date_completed>
      <results_url_link></results_url_link>
      <results_summary></results_summary>
      <results_date_posted></results_date_posted>
      <results_date_first_publication></results_date_first_publication>
      <results_baseline_char></results_baseline_char>
      <results_participant_flow></results_participant_flow>
      <results_adverse_events></results_adverse_events>
      <results_outcome_measures></results_outcome_measures>
      <results_url_protocol></results_url_protocol>
      <results_IPD_plan>Undecided - It is not yet known if there will be a plan to make this available</results_IPD_plan>
      <results_IPD_description>Justification or reason for indecision in sharing IPD is "There is no more information."</results_IPD_description>
    </main>
    <contacts>
      <contact>
        <type>public</type>
        <firstname>Pejman Pourfakhr</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Keshavarz Blvd.</address>
        <city>Tehran</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip>1136746911</zip>
        <telephone>+98 21 4466 3963</telephone>
        <email>pourfakhr@tums.ac.ir</email>
        <affiliation>Tehran University of Medical Sciences</affiliation>
      </contact>
      <contact>
        <type>scientific</type>
        <firstname>Pejman Pourfakhr</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Keshavarz Blvd.</address>
        <city>Tehran</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip>1136746911</zip>
        <telephone>+98 21 4466 3963</telephone>
        <email>pourfakhr@tums.ac.ir</email>
        <affiliation>Tehran University of Medical Sciences</affiliation>
      </contact>
    </contacts>
    <countries>
      <country2>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country2>
    </countries>
    <criteria>
      <inclusion_criteria>ASA class 1,2
Elective Craniotomy</inclusion_criteria>
      <agemin>18 years</agemin>
      <agemax>70 years</agemax>
      <gender>Both</gender>
      <exclusion_criteria>previous craniotomy
pregnancy
Patients with arrhythmia
Patients taking beta blockers
Chronic drug use</exclusion_criteria>
    </criteria>
    <health_condition_code>
      <hc_code></hc_code>
    </health_condition_code>
    <health_condition_keyword>
      <hc_keyword></hc_keyword>
    </health_condition_keyword>
    <intervention_code>
      <i_code>Treatment - Drugs</i_code>
      <i_code>Treatment - Drugs</i_code>
    </intervention_code>
    <intervention_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Intervention group: One-sided scalp block will be performed under sterile conditions with bupivacaine 2mg / kg and diluted epinephrine 1: 200000. Pain intensity, prescribed opioid dose as well as hemodynamic parameters during induction (T0), during operation (T6) and painful stimulation times such as intubation (T1), fixation of head pins (T2), skin incision (T3), craniotomy (T4), opening Dora (T5) and closing the skin (T7) and while waking the patient (T8) will be recorded at these times.</i_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Control group: Control group: Craniotomy patients undergoing general anesthesia undergo surgery according to the protocol of the intervention group without scalp block and the amount of drug use and pain are compared with the intervention group.</i_keyword>
    </intervention_keyword>
    <primary_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>The effect of scalp block in controlling pain and drug intake during and after surgery. Timepoint: Every 20 min. Method of measurement: ANI (MetroDoloris).</prim_outcome>
    </primary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <sec_outcome></sec_outcome>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_sponsor>
      <sponsor_name></sponsor_name>
    </secondary_sponsor>
    <secondary_ids>
      <secondary_id>
        <sec_id></sec_id>
        <issuing_authority></issuing_authority>
      </secondary_id>
    </secondary_ids>
    <source_support>
      <source_name>Tehran University of Medical Sciences</source_name>
    </source_support>
    <ethics_reviews>
      <ethics_review>
        <status>Approved</status>
        <approval_date>2021-04-22</approval_date>
        <contact_name>Ethics Committee of Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Health services</contact_name>
        <contact_address>Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Central Building, Ghods Ave., Keshavarz Blvd. Tehran Tehran Iran (Islamic Republic of)</contact_address>
        <contact_phone></contact_phone>
        <contact_email></contact_email>
      </ethics_review>
    </ethics_reviews>
  </trial>
</trials>
