<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE trials [
<!ELEMENT trials (trial+)>

<!ELEMENT trial (main,contacts,countries,criteria,health_condition_code,health_condition_keyword,intervention_code,
          intervention_keyword,primary_outcome,secondary_outcome,secondary_sponsor,secondary_ids,source_support,ethics_reviews)>

<!ELEMENT main (trial_id,utrn?,reg_name,date_registration,primary_sponsor,public_title,acronym?,scientific_title,scientific_acronym?,
          date_enrolment,type_enrolment,target_size,recruitment_status,url?,study_type,study_design,phase,hc_freetext?,i_freetext?,results_actual_enrolment,results_date_completed,results_url_link,results_summary,           results_date_posted,results_date_first_publication,results_baseline_char,results_participant_flow,results_adverse_events,results_outcome_measures,results_url_protocol,results_IPD_plan, results_IPD_description)>
<!ELEMENT trial_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT utrn (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT reg_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_registration (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT primary_sponsor (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT public_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_enrolment (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT type_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT target_size (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT recruitment_status (#PCDATA)><!-- Pending,Recruiting,Suspended,Complete,Other -->
<!ELEMENT url (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT study_type (#PCDATA)><!-- interventional,observational -->
<!ELEMENT study_design (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT phase (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT hc_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT i_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_actual_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_completed (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_url_link (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_summary (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_posted (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_date_first_publication (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_baseline_char (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_participant_flow (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_adverse_events (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_outcome_measures (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_url_protocol (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_plan (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_description (#PCDATA)>


<!ELEMENT contacts (contact+)>
<!ELEMENT contact (type,firstname,middlename,lastname,address,city,country1,zip,telephone,email,affiliation)>
<!ELEMENT type (#PCDATA)><!-- Public,Scientific -->
<!ELEMENT firstname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT middlename (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT lastname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT city (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT country1 (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT zip (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT telephone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT email (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT affiliation (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT countries (country2+)>
<!ELEMENT country2 (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT criteria (inclusion_criteria,agemin,agemax,gender,exclusion_criteria)>
<!ELEMENT inclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemin (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemax (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT gender (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT exclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_code (hc_code+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_keyword (hc_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_code (i_code+)>
<!ELEMENT i_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_keyword (i_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT i_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT primary_outcome (prim_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT prim_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_outcome (sec_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT sec_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_sponsor (sponsor_name+)>
<!ELEMENT sponsor_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_ids (secondary_id+)>
<!ELEMENT secondary_id (sec_id,issuing_authority)>
<!ELEMENT sec_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT issuing_authority (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT source_support (source_name+)>
<!ELEMENT source_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT ethics_reviews (ethics_review+)>
<!ELEMENT ethics_review (status,approval_date,contact_name,contact_address,contact_phone,contact_email)>
<!ELEMENT status (#PCDATA)><!-- Not approved,Approved,NA -->
<!ELEMENT approval_date (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT contact_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_phone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_email (#PCDATA)>
]>
<trials>
  <trial>
    <main>
      <trial_id>IRCT20160307026950N28</trial_id>
      <utrn></utrn>
      <reg_name>IRCT</reg_name>
      <date_registration>2020-12-09</date_registration>
      <primary_sponsor>Esfahan University of Medical Sciences</primary_sponsor>
      <public_title>The effect of Valsalva maneuver and tourniquet closure on Propofol injection pain</public_title>
      <acronym></acronym>
      <scientific_title>Comparison of the effectiveness of tourniquet ligation and Valsalva maneuver in relieving pain caused by Propofol injection to induce general anesthesia</scientific_title>
      <scientific_acronym></scientific_acronym>
      <date_enrolment>2020-12-21</date_enrolment>
      <type_enrolment>anticipated</type_enrolment>
      <target_size>105</target_size>
      <recruitment_status>Complete</recruitment_status>
      <url>https://irct.ir/trial/51293</url>
      <study_type>interventional</study_type>
      <study_design>Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Double blinded, Placebo: Used, Assignment: Parallel, Purpose: Prevention, Randomization description: Randomization is done by block method; As the number of patients in all three groups is the same, each patient is assigned a code using a random number table (Random allocation software) and patients enter one of the groups according to these codes, Blinding description: This is a double-blind study in which the clinical caregiver and the person injecting the drug are different from the person performing the intervention and are unaware of the intervention.Patients in each group are also told that in order to reduce the pain of injecting two Valsalva maneuvers and closing the tourniquet, they are also told that depending on their group, only one of these interventions can be real and may even The two interventions are not real to determine the effect of the intervention. Therefore, patients are not aware of the type of intervention and are kept blind.</study_design>
      <phase>3</phase>
      <hc_freetext>Pain from propofol injection.</hc_freetext>
      <i_freetext>Intervention 1: Intervention group A: Patients first receive 2 ml of normal saline intravenously and after 3 minutes while the tourniquet is closed schematically, they perform the Valsalva maneuver by blowing in a plastic tube for at least 20 seconds. Propofol injection begins at the end of the Valsalva maneuver. Intervention 2: Intervention group B: First the tourniquet is closed and then 2 ml of normal saline is given intravenously and then 30 seconds later, while there is a plastic tube for schematic of Valsalva maneuver, intravenous propofol is injected and then the tourniquet is released. Intervention 3: Control group C: There is both a tourniquet and a plastic tube, but the intervention is performed schematically and patients receive 2 ml of normal saline intravenously and then intravenous propofol injection is started.</i_freetext>
      <results_actual_enrolment></results_actual_enrolment>
      <results_date_completed></results_date_completed>
      <results_url_link></results_url_link>
      <results_summary></results_summary>
      <results_date_posted></results_date_posted>
      <results_date_first_publication></results_date_first_publication>
      <results_baseline_char></results_baseline_char>
      <results_participant_flow></results_participant_flow>
      <results_adverse_events></results_adverse_events>
      <results_outcome_measures></results_outcome_measures>
      <results_url_protocol></results_url_protocol>
      <results_IPD_plan>Undecided - It is not yet known if there will be a plan to make this available</results_IPD_plan>
      <results_IPD_description>Justification or reason for indecision in sharing IPD is There is no more information</results_IPD_description>
    </main>
    <contacts>
      <contact>
        <type>public</type>
        <firstname>Zahra Sajad</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>Hezar Jarib</address>
        <city>Isfahan</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip>8146713543</zip>
        <telephone>+98 31 3620 2020</telephone>
        <email>Zahrasajad1995@gmail.com</email>
        <affiliation>Esfahan University of Medical Sciences</affiliation>
      </contact>
      <contact>
        <type>scientific</type>
        <firstname>Behzad Nazem roaya</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>Hezar Jarib</address>
        <city>Isfahan</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip>8146713543</zip>
        <telephone>+98 31 3620 2020</telephone>
        <email>behzad_nazem@med.mui.ac.ir</email>
        <affiliation>Esfahan University of Medical Sciences</affiliation>
      </contact>
    </contacts>
    <countries>
      <country2>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country2>
    </countries>
    <criteria>
      <inclusion_criteria>Age 18 to 65 years
ASA class I and II
candidate for surgery under the general anesthesia
Able to perform Valsalva maneuver</inclusion_criteria>
      <agemin>18 years</agemin>
      <agemax>65 years</agemax>
      <gender>Both</gender>
      <exclusion_criteria>Having respiratory problems
Drug addiction and stimulants
Allergy to Propofol
Having underlying diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular problems, liver disorders
Existence of chronic pain syndromes and thrombophlebitis
Take any analgesic and sedative before anesthesia</exclusion_criteria>
    </criteria>
    <health_condition_code>
      <hc_code>G89</hc_code>
    </health_condition_code>
    <health_condition_keyword>
      <hc_keyword>Pain, not elsewhere classified</hc_keyword>
    </health_condition_keyword>
    <intervention_code>
      <i_code>Prevention</i_code>
      <i_code>Prevention</i_code>
      <i_code>Placebo</i_code>
    </intervention_code>
    <intervention_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Intervention group A: Patients first receive 2 ml of normal saline intravenously and after 3 minutes while the tourniquet is closed schematically, they perform the Valsalva maneuver by blowing in a plastic tube for at least 20 seconds. Propofol injection begins at the end of the Valsalva maneuver.</i_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Intervention group B: First the tourniquet is closed and then 2 ml of normal saline is given intravenously and then 30 seconds later, while there is a plastic tube for schematic of Valsalva maneuver, intravenous propofol is injected and then the tourniquet is released.</i_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Control group C: There is both a tourniquet and a plastic tube, but the intervention is performed schematically and patients receive 2 ml of normal saline intravenously and then intravenous propofol injection is started.</i_keyword>
    </intervention_keyword>
    <primary_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Pain from propofol injection. Timepoint: 20 seconds after propofol injection. Method of measurement: withdrawal response score questionnaire.</prim_outcome>
    </primary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <sec_outcome>Blood Pressure. Timepoint: Before intervention, after intervention, after injection of propofol every 1 to 3 minutes, 5 minutes after induction of anesthesia, 10 minutes after induction of anesthesia. Method of measurement: Barometer.</sec_outcome>
      <sec_outcome>Heart Rate. Timepoint: Before intervention, after intervention, after injection of propofol every 1 to 3 minutes, 5 minutes after induction of anesthesia, 10 minutes after induction of anesthesia. Method of measurement: ECG monitoring.</sec_outcome>
      <sec_outcome>Arterial blood oxygen saturation. Timepoint: Before intervention, after intervention, after injection of propofol every 1 to 3 minutes, 5 minutes after induction of anesthesia, 10 minutes after induction of anesthesia. Method of measurement: Pulse Oximeter.</sec_outcome>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_sponsor>
      <sponsor_name></sponsor_name>
    </secondary_sponsor>
    <secondary_ids>
      <secondary_id>
        <sec_id></sec_id>
        <issuing_authority></issuing_authority>
      </secondary_id>
    </secondary_ids>
    <source_support>
      <source_name>Vice Chancellor for Research, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences</source_name>
    </source_support>
    <ethics_reviews>
      <ethics_review>
        <status>Approved</status>
        <approval_date>2020-10-16</approval_date>
        <contact_name>Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Committe for Ethics in Biomedical Research</contact_name>
        <contact_address>Hezar Jarib St Isfahan Isfehan Iran (Islamic Republic of)</contact_address>
        <contact_phone></contact_phone>
        <contact_email></contact_email>
      </ethics_review>
    </ethics_reviews>
  </trial>
</trials>
