<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE trials [
<!ELEMENT trials (trial+)>

<!ELEMENT trial (main,contacts,countries,criteria,health_condition_code,health_condition_keyword,intervention_code,
          intervention_keyword,primary_outcome,secondary_outcome,secondary_sponsor,secondary_ids,source_support,ethics_reviews)>

<!ELEMENT main (trial_id,utrn?,reg_name,date_registration,primary_sponsor,public_title,acronym?,scientific_title,scientific_acronym?,
          date_enrolment,type_enrolment,target_size,recruitment_status,url?,study_type,study_design,phase,hc_freetext?,i_freetext?,results_actual_enrolment,results_date_completed,results_url_link,results_summary,           results_date_posted,results_date_first_publication,results_baseline_char,results_participant_flow,results_adverse_events,results_outcome_measures,results_url_protocol,results_IPD_plan, results_IPD_description)>
<!ELEMENT trial_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT utrn (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT reg_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_registration (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT primary_sponsor (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT public_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_enrolment (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT type_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT target_size (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT recruitment_status (#PCDATA)><!-- Pending,Recruiting,Suspended,Complete,Other -->
<!ELEMENT url (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT study_type (#PCDATA)><!-- interventional,observational -->
<!ELEMENT study_design (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT phase (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT hc_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT i_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_actual_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_completed (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_url_link (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_summary (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_posted (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_date_first_publication (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_baseline_char (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_participant_flow (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_adverse_events (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_outcome_measures (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_url_protocol (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_plan (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_description (#PCDATA)>


<!ELEMENT contacts (contact+)>
<!ELEMENT contact (type,firstname,middlename,lastname,address,city,country1,zip,telephone,email,affiliation)>
<!ELEMENT type (#PCDATA)><!-- Public,Scientific -->
<!ELEMENT firstname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT middlename (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT lastname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT city (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT country1 (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT zip (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT telephone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT email (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT affiliation (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT countries (country2+)>
<!ELEMENT country2 (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT criteria (inclusion_criteria,agemin,agemax,gender,exclusion_criteria)>
<!ELEMENT inclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemin (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemax (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT gender (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT exclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_code (hc_code+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_keyword (hc_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_code (i_code+)>
<!ELEMENT i_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_keyword (i_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT i_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT primary_outcome (prim_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT prim_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_outcome (sec_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT sec_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_sponsor (sponsor_name+)>
<!ELEMENT sponsor_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_ids (secondary_id+)>
<!ELEMENT secondary_id (sec_id,issuing_authority)>
<!ELEMENT sec_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT issuing_authority (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT source_support (source_name+)>
<!ELEMENT source_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT ethics_reviews (ethics_review+)>
<!ELEMENT ethics_review (status,approval_date,contact_name,contact_address,contact_phone,contact_email)>
<!ELEMENT status (#PCDATA)><!-- Not approved,Approved,NA -->
<!ELEMENT approval_date (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT contact_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_phone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_email (#PCDATA)>
]>
<trials>
  <trial>
    <main>
      <trial_id>IRCT20170516033992N2</trial_id>
      <utrn></utrn>
      <reg_name>IRCT</reg_name>
      <date_registration>2020-10-06</date_registration>
      <primary_sponsor>Oroumia University of Medical Sciences</primary_sponsor>
      <public_title>The effect of caudal block and penile block in postoperative analgesia of hypospadiasis repair</public_title>
      <acronym></acronym>
      <scientific_title>Comparing caudal block and penile block using rectal acetaminophen in postoperative analgesia of hypospadiasis repair</scientific_title>
      <scientific_acronym></scientific_acronym>
      <date_enrolment>2020-02-23</date_enrolment>
      <type_enrolment>anticipated</type_enrolment>
      <target_size>50</target_size>
      <recruitment_status>Complete</recruitment_status>
      <url>https://irct.ir/trial/50862</url>
      <study_type>interventional</study_type>
      <study_design>Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Double blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Parallel, Purpose: Treatment, Randomization description: Randomization will conduct based on permuted block randomization method. Within each block, subjects will be randomly and equally assigned to caudal group (n=25) or penile group (n=25). Random assignment will be done using a random number table. That is, with the help of the Rand () command in Excel, we create random numbers, then we specify  the numbers less than 0.5 with P, which means the penile group, and the numbers more than 0.5  with Q, which means the caudal group. The created sequence is random and the blocks continue until the number of samples is completed, Blinding description: Patients were unaware of their placement in the intervention groups and the clinical assessor was unaware of the placement of patients in the study groups and the statistical analyzer received the data in code, not the actual grouping.</study_design>
      <phase>3</phase>
      <hc_freetext>Hypospadias.</hc_freetext>
      <i_freetext>Intervention 1: Intervention group 1: This group of patients underwent caudal block in the lateral decubitus position with needle 22 Guage from the sacral space of hiatus with 1 ml of bupivacaine 0.25% (British-Swedish company of AstraZeneca ) and epinephrine with a concentration of 1/200000 (5 μg / kg). In fact, this intervention is a kind of regional anesthesia procedure through the caudal region. The group was under general anesthesia, but caudal was also performed for postoperative analgesia. Intervention 2: Intervention group 2: In the penile block group, after general anesthesia with the condition of the caudal block group in the supine position under the penile  block with a needle 22 Guage and bupivacaine 0.25%, 0.1 ml / kg from two sites in the retro-pubic space under the fascia of the book was performed. Acetaminophen suppository was administered at a dose of 40 mg / kg before surgery.</i_freetext>
      <results_actual_enrolment></results_actual_enrolment>
      <results_date_completed></results_date_completed>
      <results_url_link></results_url_link>
      <results_summary></results_summary>
      <results_date_posted></results_date_posted>
      <results_date_first_publication></results_date_first_publication>
      <results_baseline_char></results_baseline_char>
      <results_participant_flow></results_participant_flow>
      <results_adverse_events></results_adverse_events>
      <results_outcome_measures></results_outcome_measures>
      <results_url_protocol></results_url_protocol>
      <results_IPD_plan>Yes - There is a plan to make this available</results_IPD_plan>
      <results_IPD_description>What will be shared:
Information can be provided without patients' names

When:
1 سال پس از اتمام مطالعه

To whom:
Faculty researchers

Conditions:
Sending email to DR. Tohid Karami

Where to obtain:
Sending email to DR. Tohid Karami

How to obtain:
Just sending email to DR. Tohid Karami

Comments:
</results_IPD_description>
    </main>
    <contacts>
      <contact>
        <type>public</type>
        <firstname>Tohid Karami</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>Jahad Sq., Resalat st., Urmia University of Medical Sciences</address>
        <city>Urmia</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip>5715833631</zip>
        <telephone>+98 44 3193 7000</telephone>
        <email>karami.tohid@gmail.com</email>
        <affiliation>Oroumia University of Medical Sciences</affiliation>
      </contact>
      <contact>
        <type>scientific</type>
        <firstname>Tohid Karami</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>Jahad Sq., Resalat st., Urmia University of Medical Sciences</address>
        <city>Urmia</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip>5715833631</zip>
        <telephone>+98 44 3193 7000</telephone>
        <email>karami.tohid@gmail.com</email>
        <affiliation>Oroumia University of Medical Sciences</affiliation>
      </contact>
    </contacts>
    <countries>
      <country2>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country2>
    </countries>
    <criteria>
      <inclusion_criteria>Age between 6 months to 5 years
Absence of spinal deformity
ASA class  ≤II
Children need hypospadias repair</inclusion_criteria>
      <agemin>6 months</agemin>
      <agemax>5 years</agemax>
      <gender>Male</gender>
      <exclusion_criteria>Coagulation problems
Severe infections such as septicemia, meningitis
Brain tumors with increased intracranial pressure
Real sensitivity to local anesthetics
Chemotherapy
Unmodified hypovolemia</exclusion_criteria>
    </criteria>
    <health_condition_code>
      <hc_code>Q54</hc_code>
    </health_condition_code>
    <health_condition_keyword>
      <hc_keyword>Hypospadias</hc_keyword>
    </health_condition_keyword>
    <intervention_code>
      <i_code>Treatment - Other</i_code>
      <i_code>Treatment - Other</i_code>
    </intervention_code>
    <intervention_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Intervention group 1: This group of patients underwent caudal block in the lateral decubitus position with needle 22 Guage from the sacral space of hiatus with 1 ml of bupivacaine 0.25% (British-Swedish company of AstraZeneca ) and epinephrine with a concentration of 1/200000 (5 μg / kg). In fact, this intervention is a kind of regional anesthesia procedure through the caudal region. The group was under general anesthesia, but caudal was also performed for postoperative analgesia.</i_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Intervention group 2: In the penile block group, after general anesthesia with the condition of the caudal block group in the supine position under the penile  block with a needle 22 Guage and bupivacaine 0.25%, 0.1 ml / kg from two sites in the retro-pubic space under the fascia of the book was performed. Acetaminophen suppository was administered at a dose of 40 mg / kg before surgery.</i_keyword>
    </intervention_keyword>
    <primary_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Pain. Timepoint: In recovery, 6, 12 and 24 hours after surgery. Method of measurement: The face, legs, activity, cry, consolability (FLACC) scale.</prim_outcome>
    </primary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <sec_outcome></sec_outcome>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_sponsor>
      <sponsor_name></sponsor_name>
    </secondary_sponsor>
    <secondary_ids>
      <secondary_id>
        <sec_id></sec_id>
        <issuing_authority></issuing_authority>
      </secondary_id>
    </secondary_ids>
    <source_support>
      <source_name>Oroumia University of Medical Sciences</source_name>
    </source_support>
    <ethics_reviews>
      <ethics_review>
        <status>Approved</status>
        <approval_date>2020-02-18</approval_date>
        <contact_name>Ethics committee of Urmia University of Medical Sciences</contact_name>
        <contact_address>Jahad Sq., Resalat St., Urmia University of Medical Sciences Urmia West Azarbaijan Iran (Islamic Republic of)</contact_address>
        <contact_phone></contact_phone>
        <contact_email></contact_email>
      </ethics_review>
    </ethics_reviews>
  </trial>
</trials>
