<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE trials [
<!ELEMENT trials (trial+)>

<!ELEMENT trial (main,contacts,countries,criteria,health_condition_code,health_condition_keyword,intervention_code,
          intervention_keyword,primary_outcome,secondary_outcome,secondary_sponsor,secondary_ids,source_support,ethics_reviews)>

<!ELEMENT main (trial_id,utrn?,reg_name,date_registration,primary_sponsor,public_title,acronym?,scientific_title,scientific_acronym?,
          date_enrolment,type_enrolment,target_size,recruitment_status,url?,study_type,study_design,phase,hc_freetext?,i_freetext?,results_actual_enrolment,results_date_completed,results_url_link,results_summary,           results_date_posted,results_date_first_publication,results_baseline_char,results_participant_flow,results_adverse_events,results_outcome_measures,results_url_protocol,results_IPD_plan, results_IPD_description)>
<!ELEMENT trial_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT utrn (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT reg_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_registration (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT primary_sponsor (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT public_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_enrolment (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT type_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT target_size (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT recruitment_status (#PCDATA)><!-- Pending,Recruiting,Suspended,Complete,Other -->
<!ELEMENT url (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT study_type (#PCDATA)><!-- interventional,observational -->
<!ELEMENT study_design (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT phase (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT hc_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT i_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_actual_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_completed (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_url_link (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_summary (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_posted (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_date_first_publication (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_baseline_char (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_participant_flow (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_adverse_events (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_outcome_measures (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_url_protocol (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_plan (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_description (#PCDATA)>


<!ELEMENT contacts (contact+)>
<!ELEMENT contact (type,firstname,middlename,lastname,address,city,country1,zip,telephone,email,affiliation)>
<!ELEMENT type (#PCDATA)><!-- Public,Scientific -->
<!ELEMENT firstname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT middlename (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT lastname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT city (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT country1 (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT zip (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT telephone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT email (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT affiliation (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT countries (country2+)>
<!ELEMENT country2 (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT criteria (inclusion_criteria,agemin,agemax,gender,exclusion_criteria)>
<!ELEMENT inclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemin (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemax (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT gender (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT exclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_code (hc_code+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_keyword (hc_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_code (i_code+)>
<!ELEMENT i_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_keyword (i_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT i_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT primary_outcome (prim_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT prim_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_outcome (sec_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT sec_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_sponsor (sponsor_name+)>
<!ELEMENT sponsor_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_ids (secondary_id+)>
<!ELEMENT secondary_id (sec_id,issuing_authority)>
<!ELEMENT sec_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT issuing_authority (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT source_support (source_name+)>
<!ELEMENT source_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT ethics_reviews (ethics_review+)>
<!ELEMENT ethics_review (status,approval_date,contact_name,contact_address,contact_phone,contact_email)>
<!ELEMENT status (#PCDATA)><!-- Not approved,Approved,NA -->
<!ELEMENT approval_date (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT contact_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_phone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_email (#PCDATA)>
]>
<trials>
  <trial>
    <main>
      <trial_id>IRCT138811193309N1</trial_id>
      <utrn></utrn>
      <reg_name>IRCT</reg_name>
      <date_registration>2010-04-20</date_registration>
      <primary_sponsor>Tehran University of Medical Sciences</primary_sponsor>
      <public_title>The Role of Synbiotic in the Treatment of Childhood Constipation</public_title>
      <acronym></acronym>
      <scientific_title>The Role of Synbiotic in the Treatment of Childhood Constipation</scientific_title>
      <scientific_acronym></scientific_acronym>
      <date_enrolment>2009-03-21</date_enrolment>
      <type_enrolment>anticipated</type_enrolment>
      <target_size>30</target_size>
      <recruitment_status>Complete</recruitment_status>
      <url>https://irct.ir/trial/3380</url>
      <study_type>interventional</study_type>
      <study_design>Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Double blinded, Placebo: Used, Assignment: Parallel, Purpose: Treatment.</study_design>
      <phase>1</phase>
      <hc_freetext>Other diseases of intestines.</hc_freetext>
      <i_freetext>Intervention 1: 1.5 ml/kg/day oral liquid paraffin plus placebo (placebo sachet with the same shape and color to synbiotic). Intervention 2: 1 sachet of synbiotic per day (Restore 1 billion CFU/1 sachet, Made by Protexin Co. in UK, synbiotic combination were probiotic strains containing L. casei, L. rhamnosus, S. thermophilus, B. breve, L. acidophilus, B. infantis and Fructooligosaccharide as prebiotic) and placebo (with the same shape and color to paraffin oil). Intervention 3: 1.5 ml/kg/day oral liquid paraffin and 1 sachet of synbiotic per day (Restore 1 billion CFU/1 sachet, Made by Protexin Co. in UK, synbiotic combination were probiotic strains containing L. casei, L. rhamnosus, S. thermophilus, B. breve, L. acidophilus, B. infantis and Fructooligosaccharide as prebiotic).</i_freetext>
      <results_actual_enrolment></results_actual_enrolment>
      <results_date_completed></results_date_completed>
      <results_url_link></results_url_link>
      <results_summary></results_summary>
      <results_date_posted></results_date_posted>
      <results_date_first_publication></results_date_first_publication>
      <results_baseline_char></results_baseline_char>
      <results_participant_flow></results_participant_flow>
      <results_adverse_events></results_adverse_events>
      <results_outcome_measures></results_outcome_measures>
      <results_url_protocol></results_url_protocol>
      <results_IPD_plan></results_IPD_plan>
      <results_IPD_description></results_IPD_description>
    </main>
    <contacts>
      <contact>
        <type>public</type>
        <firstname>Dr. Manijh Khalili</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Medical Center Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Science</address>
        <city>Tehran تهران</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip></zip>
        <telephone>+98 21 2213 0265</telephone>
        <email>dr_khalili2000@yahoo.com</email>
        <affiliation>Tehran University of Medical Sciences</affiliation>
      </contact>
      <contact>
        <type>scientific</type>
        <firstname>Dr. Ahmad Khodadad</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Medical Center Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Science مرکز طبی کودکان</address>
        <city>Tehran</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip></zip>
        <telephone>+98 21 6692 4545</telephone>
        <email>khodadadmd@yahoo.com</email>
        <affiliation>Tehran University of Medical Sciences</affiliation>
      </contact>
    </contacts>
    <countries>
      <country2>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country2>
    </countries>
    <criteria>
      <inclusion_criteria>Inclusion criteria: Age 4-12 years, diagnosis based on Room III criteria as two months of at least 2 or more of the following: less than 2 defecation in the toilet per week, more than 1 episode of fecal incontinence per week, history of retentive posturing or excessive volitional stool retention, history of painful or hard bowel movements, presence of a large fecal mass in the rectum, history of large diameter stools that may obstruct the toilet. &#13;
Exclusion criteria: presence of organic causes for constipation; including Hirschsprung’s disease, spina bifida occulta, hypothyroidism, cystic fibrosis, neurologic abnormalities and intestinal pseudo-obstruction</inclusion_criteria>
      <agemin>4 years</agemin>
      <agemax>12 years</agemax>
      <gender>Both</gender>
      <exclusion_criteria></exclusion_criteria>
    </criteria>
    <health_condition_code>
      <hc_code>K59.0</hc_code>
    </health_condition_code>
    <health_condition_keyword>
      <hc_keyword>Constipation</hc_keyword>
    </health_condition_keyword>
    <intervention_code>
      <i_code>Treatment - Drugs</i_code>
      <i_code>Treatment - Drugs</i_code>
      <i_code>Treatment - Drugs</i_code>
    </intervention_code>
    <intervention_keyword>
      <i_keyword>1.5 ml/kg/day oral liquid paraffin plus placebo (placebo sachet with the same shape and color to synbiotic)</i_keyword>
      <i_keyword>1 sachet of synbiotic per day (Restore 1 billion CFU/1 sachet, Made by Protexin Co. in UK, synbiotic combination were probiotic strains containing L. casei, L. rhamnosus, S. thermophilus, B. breve, L. acidophilus, B. infantis and Fructooligosaccharide as prebiotic) and placebo (with the same shape and color to paraffin oil)</i_keyword>
      <i_keyword>1.5 ml/kg/day oral liquid paraffin and 1 sachet of synbiotic per day (Restore 1 billion CFU/1 sachet, Made by Protexin Co. in UK, synbiotic combination were probiotic strains containing L. casei, L. rhamnosus, S. thermophilus, B. breve, L. acidophilus, B. infantis and Fructooligosaccharide as prebiotic)</i_keyword>
    </intervention_keyword>
    <primary_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Frequency of bowel movements per week. Timepoint: 4 weeks. Method of measurement: Questionnarie.</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Stool consistency. Timepoint: 4 Weeks. Method of measurement: Questionnarie.</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Frequency of stool incontinence per week. Timepoint: 4 Weeks. Method of measurement: questionnarie.</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Abdominal pain. Timepoint: 4 weeks. Method of measurement: questionnarie.</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Painful defecation. Timepoint: 4 weeks. Method of measurement: Questionnarie.</prim_outcome>
    </primary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <sec_outcome>Success treatment. Timepoint: 4 weeks. Method of measurement: Success treatment defined as ≥ 3 Bowel Movements per week,≤ 2 incontinence per month and no abdominal pain.</sec_outcome>
      <sec_outcome>Adverse effects. Timepoint: 4 weeks. Method of measurement: Questionnarie.</sec_outcome>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_sponsor>
      <sponsor_name></sponsor_name>
    </secondary_sponsor>
    <secondary_ids>
      <secondary_id>
        <sec_id></sec_id>
        <issuing_authority></issuing_authority>
      </secondary_id>
    </secondary_ids>
    <source_support>
      <source_name>Tehran University of Medical Sciences</source_name>
    </source_support>
    <ethics_reviews>
      <ethics_review>
        <status>Approved</status>
        <approval_date>2010-02-08</approval_date>
        <contact_name>Research Deputy of Tehran University of Medical Sciences</contact_name>
        <contact_address>Tehran University of Medical Science, 16 Azar St. Tehran  Iran (Islamic Republic of)</contact_address>
        <contact_phone></contact_phone>
        <contact_email></contact_email>
      </ethics_review>
    </ethics_reviews>
  </trial>
</trials>
